展厅建筑室内热环境设计参数分析及其探讨

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3.0 陈辉 2024-11-20 5 4 7.8MB 108 页 15积分
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I
摘 要
论文通过各类文献检索，对现有展厅建筑的结构功能特征、夏季空调室内设
计参数以及气流组织进行了统计，在此基础上，结合国内外现有规范，分析了室
内设计参数（室内温度、相对湿度、室内风速、最小新风量等）与环境舒适健康、
系统节能之间的关系，探讨了室内空调设计参数选取范围，同时，论文还讨论了
室外设计参数对夏季空调负荷的影响。针对世博会举办期间正值炎热夏季这一事
实，考虑人们进出展厅频繁，冷热或热冷变化剧烈的过渡环境将给人们带来心理
上的不适和生理上的伤害，论文通过理论分析 RWI 指标，探讨了展厅内外连接的
过渡区域合理的空调设计参数范围，并确定了过渡区的合理长度，以缓解这种冷
热急速变化的过渡环境带给人们的心理和生理上的不舒适感。
以上海理工大学体育馆乒乓房（大空间建筑室内热环境实验基地）为研究对
象，笔者与课题组成员一起设计和搭建了大空间建筑室内热环境实验基地，并负
责了其中的柱状送风系统的设计、施工及测定。设计时，利用分层空调负荷计算
方法，理论分析了不同分层高度情况下建筑的冷负荷。论文针对以喷口送风为代
表的上送下回、以风柱送风为代表的下送上回两种分层空调气流组织形式，进行
了室内热环境测定。测定共进行了 3天3个工况，测试内容涉及到室外环境参数、
室内水平与垂直温度分布、室内速度及相对湿度分布、围护结构内壁面温度等。
测定结果表明柱状送风形式下室内居住域温度、速度场的分布比较均匀，温度分
层面较低。测定结果还为后续数值模拟提供了一定的边界条件和程序调试依据。
论文利用 AIRPAK 数值模拟软件，模拟了测定工况下的室内热环境，获得了
与测定结果较好的吻合。在此基础上，论文模拟了夏季空调设计工况下喷口送风
与风柱送风两种空调送风形式下的室内热环境，结果证明在相同的空调送风条件
下，风柱送风能够形成更好的室内热环境，与测定结果结论一致。最后论文就风
柱送风这一气流组织，进行了一系列变工况的模拟，研究了送风参数以及回风口
高度对室内热环境的影响。
论文所做工作，将对世博展厅建筑室内热环境设计与空调设计提供一定的理
论依据与技术参考，对绿色世博的建设将有一定的指导意义。
关键词：室内空调设计参数 热环境测试 气流组织 数值模拟 舒适性
节能性
II
ABSTRACT
Through the various types of literature, the paper researched the structure and
function features, indoor air-conditioning design parameters and air distributions of
existing exhibition buildings. On this basis, the paper analyzed the relationship between
the indoor design parameters of air-conditioning in summer (room temperature, relative
humidity, indoor velocity, minimum fresh air requirement, etc.) and the healthy,
comfortable environment and energy-saving by considering the existing norms at home
and abroad to find the reasonable scope of parameters mentioned above. The paper also
discussed the influence of outdoor design parameters on the air-conditioning load in
summer. Expo will be held in the hot summer period, people will pass in and out the
exhibition building frequently and drastic changes of the temperature in the transition
thermal environment will bring psychological discomfort and physical injury. The paper
used RWI index to calculate the reasonable design parameters of the transition zone
through theoretical analysis and indicated reasonable length of the transition zone to
easing the psychological and physiological discomfort which was due to the overheating
or cooling.
The paper takes ping-pong room of University of Shanghai for science and
technology (thermal environment experimental base of large room) as research object,
the author together with the team members designed and built the experimental base of
large room, and is responsible for the design of displacement flow diffuser system, the
construction and measurement of the experimental base. Paper used theoretical methord
to calculate the air-conditioning load of the buildinand analyse the influence of hight of
stratification on the building load. Field-measurements of the experimental base have
been carried on with two stratified air-conditioning system: jet nozzles system and
displacement flow diffuser system and 3 measuring-conditions. Indoor and outdoor
climatic parameters, indoor temperate distribution, velocity and relative humidity
distribution, wall- temperature are chosen as parameters for field-measurements. The
results showed that compared with jet nozzle system, temperature and velocity
distributions of the occupant area were more uniform and the height of stratified
temperature was lower in vertical by using the displacement flow diffuser system. The
measurement results can also provide certain boundary conditions for numerical
simulation and basis for program debugging.
III
The paper used numerical simulation software AIRPAK to simulate the indoor
thermal environment of the experiment conditions, and the results have a good
agreement with the measurement data. On this basis, the paper simulated indoor thermal
environment of two different air-conditioning systems in summer design condition: and
displacement flow diffuser system. The results showed that displacement flow diffuser
system can form a better indoor thermal environment in the same conditions. Finally,
the paper conducted a series of simulation to study the influence of outlet air parameters
and height of vent on the indoor thermal environment created by the displacement flow
diffuser system.
The results of paper will provide a theoretical basis and a technical reference on the
indoor thermal environment and air-conditioning design of the Expo exhibition building.
It also has certain significance on the construction of Green Expo.
Key Word ：indoor design parameter of air-conditioning, thermal
environment measurement, air distribution, numberical
simulation, thermal confort, energy-saving
I
目 录
中文摘要
ABSTRACT
第一章 绪 论 ....................................................... 3
§1.1 课题来源及意义.......................................................................................................2
§1.2 国内外研究动态.......................................................................................................3
§1.2.1 室内热环境设计研究....................................................................................3
§1.2.2 室内舒适性空调空气计算参数研究............................................................4
§1.2.3 热环境舒适性预测及评价研究....................................................................5
§1.2.4 CFD 在热舒适方面的应用 ...........................................................................7
§1.3 本课题研究内容.......................................................................................................8
第二章 展厅建筑室内热环境参数选取调查及分析 ......................... 9
§2.1 展厅建筑室内热环境参数标准...............................................................................9
§2.2 调查对象.................................................................................................................11
§2.3 展厅建筑结构形式与功能.....................................................................................12
§2.3.1 展厅建筑功能与结构..................................................................................12
§2.3.2 展厅建筑结构特征......................................................................................12
§2.4 展厅建筑室内空调设计参数的选取及其分析.....................................................13
§2.4.1 室内外温、湿度的选取及其分析..............................................................13
§2.4.2 人均新风量的选取及其分析......................................................................14
§2.5 展厅建筑室内气流组织现状.................................................................................14
§2.6 本章小结.................................................................................................................15
第三章 展厅建筑室内热环境设计参数与舒适性及能耗的关联 .............. 16
§3.1 热环境评价指标.....................................................................................................16
§3.2 热环境评价指标概况.............................................................................................16
§3.1.2 舒适性评价指标分析..................................................................................17
§3.2 室内设计参数与舒适性关联的研究.....................................................................20
§3.3 室内设计参数与健康性关联的研究.....................................................................23
§3.3.1 室内空气污染物的主要来源及其对人体的危害......................................24
§3.3.2 控制室内空气污染的主要手段..................................................................26
§3.3.3 新风量的选取与健康性关系研究..............................................................28
§3.4 室内设计参数与节能性关系的研究.....................................................................31
II
§3.4.1 夏季空调冷负荷构成分析..........................................................................31
§3.4.2 室内外设计温、湿度与围护结构负荷关系研究......................................32
§3.4.4 室内外设计温、湿度与新风负荷关联分析..............................................33
§3.5 过渡环境中室内热环境参数的研究.....................................................................37
§3.5.1 过渡环境中人体热舒适的研究..................................................................37
§3.5.2 理论建模及分析..........................................................................................37
§3.5.3 过渡区域室内空气参数的设置..................................................................39
§3.6 本章小结.................................................................................................................42
第四章 分层空调形式下热环境的设计、测试与研究 ...................... 44
§4.1 大空间实验基地概况介绍.....................................................................................44
§4.2 大空间实验基地空调系统设计.............................................................................44
§4.2.1 设计参数选取..............................................................................................44
§4.2.2 夏季空调负荷计算......................................................................................45
§4.2.3 夏季空调系统设计......................................................................................47
§4.3 体育馆乒乓房热环境测试方案设计.....................................................................48
§4.3.1 测试对象与测试目的..................................................................................48
§4.3.2 测试状态及工况设计..................................................................................49
§4.3.3 测试内容和主要测试仪器情况..................................................................50
§4.3.4 测点布置方案..............................................................................................51
§4.4 展厅热环境参数的测定结果及分析.....................................................................53
§4.4.1 关于测试结果的图例的说明......................................................................54
§4.4.2 水平温度分布测试结果及分析..................................................................54
§4.4.3 垂直方向温度分布测试结果及分析..........................................................57
§4.4.4 水平速度分布测试结果及分析..................................................................59
§4.4.5 相对湿度分布测试结果及分析..................................................................60
§4.5 展厅气流组织发烟实验.........................................................................................60
§4.5.1 风柱送风气流组织的实验结果..................................................................61
§4.5.2 分层空调气流组织的实验结果..................................................................62
§4.6 本章小结.................................................................................................................63
第五章 基于大空间建筑室内热环境实验基地的热环境研究 ................ 64
§5.1 研究方法.................................................................................................................64
§5.1.1 Airpak 软件简介.........................................................................................64
§5.1.2 研究技术路线..............................................................................................65
III
§5.2 CASE1 模型模拟计算结果及分析 ....................................................................... 66
§5.2.1 模拟用物理模型及网格划分......................................................................66
§5.2.2 边界条件的确定..........................................................................................67
§5.2.3 验证模拟方案的确定..................................................................................68
§5.2.4 数值模拟热环境结果及分析......................................................................69
§5.3 CASE2 模型模拟计算结果及分析 ....................................................................... 70
§5.3.1 模拟用物理模型及网格划分......................................................................70
§5.3.1 边界条件的确定..........................................................................................71
§5.3.3 验证模拟方案的确定..................................................................................74
§5.3.4 数值模拟热环境结果与分析......................................................................75
§5.4 标准夏季设计工况下室内热环境的模拟.............................................................76
§5.4.1 柱状送风工况下的模拟方案......................................................................76
§5.4.2 柱状送风条件下模拟结果分析..................................................................77
§5.4.3 喷口送风工况下模拟方案..........................................................................80
§5.4.4 喷口送风工况下模拟结果分析..................................................................80
§5.5 基于夏季标准工况数值模拟结果的变工况模拟.................................................83
§5.5.1 送风参数对室内热环境的影响..................................................................84
§5.5.2 回风高度对室内热环境的影响..................................................................89
§5.6 本章小结.................................................................................................................95
第六章 结论及展望 .................................................. 95
§6.1 结论.........................................................................................................................96
§6.1.1 展厅建筑室内热环境参数选取调查..........................................................96
§6.1.2 室内空调设计参数的研究.........................................................................96
§6.1.3 室内热环境设计及实测分析.....................................................................97
§6.1.4 CFD 模拟室内热环境的研究探讨 .............................................................98
§6.2 有待继续研究的内容.............................................................................................98
参考文献.........................................................................................................................99
在读期间公开发表的论文和承担科研项目及取得成果...........................................104
致 谢 ........................................................................................................................105
第一章 绪 论
摘要：

I摘要论文通过各类文献检索，对现有展厅建筑的结构功能特征、夏季空调室内设计参数以及气流组织进行了统计，在此基础上，结合国内外现有规范，分析了室内设计参数（室内温度、相对湿度、室内风速、最小新风量等）与环境舒适健康、系统节能之间的关系，探讨了室内空调设计参数选取范围，同时，论文还讨论了室外设计参数对夏季空调负荷的影响。针对世博会举办期间正值炎热夏季这一事实，考虑人们进出展厅频繁，冷热或热冷变化剧烈的过渡环境将给人们带来心理上的不适和生理上的伤害，论文通过理论分析RWI指标，探讨了展厅内外连接的过渡区域合理的空调设计参数范围，并确定了过渡区的合理长度，以缓解这种冷热急速变化的过渡环境带给人们的心理...

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作者：陈辉 分类：高等教育资料 价格：15积分 属性：108 页 大小：7.8MB 格式：PDF 时间：2024-11-20

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