农村财政扶贫资金的投入效果评估研究

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农村财政扶贫资金的投入效果评估研

究

摘要

自农村改革以来，政府采取了一系列的反贫困措施，中国的农村贫困人口

得到大幅度减少。资金的大量投入推动了贫困地区的经济发展，对贫困地区解决

温饱问题和建设社会主义新农村是直接而深远的。然而伴随着资金投入的不断加

大，近年来农村贫困人口减少的速度却越来越慢。对照现实困境，我们有理由重

新审视农村扶贫资金的管理与使用效率，寻找更为有效的农村扶贫资金投入可

行方案，切实缓解我国农村扶贫工作效率不断下降的局面。本文正是基于上述因

素的考虑，对我国农村财政扶贫资金的投入展开了分析。

本文首先从农村反贫困的理论入手，分析了财政扶贫效果的国内外研究现

状，并对我国财政扶贫资金投入模式的主要类型进行了相关界定，我国农村扶

贫资金的来源、投入构成、运作管理。

然后，对农村财政扶贫资金投入效果评估的理论基础进行了阐述，分别介

绍了财政发展资金、以工代赈资金、信贷扶贫资金分别对农村贫困人口减少、人

均纯收入增加的影响，并利用一定的计量经济学理论为后面实证分析所需构建

的模型提供理论上的依据。

之后，本文分析了我国农村扶贫资金使用过程中的效率低下问题，运用数

据和资料描述了我国目前农村扶贫资金的投入情况，阐述了我国农村财政扶贫

资金的总体效果。并在此基础上，本文对我国农村财政扶贫资金投入产出的具体

数据进行了量化以及模型的实证分析，以便寻找出农村财政扶贫资金不同投入

方式、投向领域的差异性。

最后，本文通过对我国农村财政扶贫资金的投入产出实证分析得出的结论

进行分析，整体考虑、综合分析和全面深入研究，希望能从根本上解释造成这一

结论的原因，在此基础上，本文从我国农村开发式扶贫机制运行的过程出发，

结合当前现实，提出提高扶贫效率的相关措施。

关键词：财政扶贫资金资金投入效果评估

ABSTRACT

Since Cibohein first proposed the poverty’ concept at the turn of the century, the

fundamental research regarding the rural poverty and anti-poverty pattern emerges

one after another incessantly, which causes the concept of anti-poverty enjoys popular

support, and there is growing concern about how to reduce the size of the poor rural

population and raise farmer's income level effectively. The anti-poverty, the items

have tremendously positive effect of the external economics and obvious

characteristic of public goods, can only be provided by the government through the

system arrangement or capital investment. And at this stage Chinese poverty

characteristics and China's national conditions have determined government-led the

poverty alleviation’s urgency and inevitability. Compared with other organizations,

The government has the unrivalled advantage in the anti-poverty course, and reducing

poverty become a critical responsibility of government.

Since the rural reform, because the government adopted a series of anti-poverty

measures, China's rural poor population have been drastically reduced. Substantial

input of funds to promote economic development in poor areas, adequate food and

clothing to the poor areas and building a new socialist countryside is a direct and far-

reaching. However, capital investment associated with the continuous increase in

recent years to reduce the speed of the rural poor are becoming slower. Contrast the

present difficulties, we have reason to re-examine the rural poor management and

efficient use of funds to find a more effective rural poverty alleviation program of

capital investment possible to effectively alleviate the efficiency of China's rural

poverty declining situation.

Precisely based on the above considerations, This article analyzes the China's

rural poverty alleviation funds’ investment. This article start with the theory of

poverty in rural areas start to explain the imbalance in China's national conditions

suitable for the development of theory, using the theory of rural poverty alleviation as

a basis for capital investment and take advantage of certain econometric theory behind

the empirical analysis needed to construct a model to provide a theoretical basis. Then

introduced the sources of China's rural poverty-relief funds, input composition,

operation management, the use of data and information described China's current

investment in the situation of rural poverty-relief funds.

Then, the paper analyzes the inefficiencies in the process of China's rural poverty

alleviation funds use, and expounded China's rural poverty alleviation funds overall

effectiveness. And on this basis, the paper on China's rural financial funds are the

specific input-output data were quantified as well as the model of empirical analysis

in order to find out the rural financial funds are invested in different ways to invest in

areas of differences.

Finally, through analyzing the conclusion of China's rural poverty alleviation

funds’ input-output empirical analysis, overall consideration, comprehensive analysis

and comprehensive in-depth study, it would be to simply explain the reasons for this

conclusion, on this basis, , this article from China's rural poverty through developing

mechanisms for the process of starting operation, combined with the current reality

and put forward relevant measures to improve the efficiency of poverty alleviation.

Key Word ：Poverty Alleviation Funds, Funds Input, Output

Evaluation

目 录
摘要
ABSTRACT
第一章 绪论......................................................................................................................1
§1.1 选题的背景与意义..............................................................................................1
§1.1.1  选题的背景................................................................................................1
§1.1.2  选题的意义................................................................................................3
§1.2 国内外的研究现状..............................................................................................3
§1.2.1  国外对贫困及扶贫机制的研究................................................................3
§1.2.2  国内对扶贫及扶贫效率的研究情况........................................................5
§1.3 相关的概念界定..................................................................................................8
§1.3.1  关于贫困的一般问题................................................................................8
§1.3.2  农村反贫困的相关理论研究..................................................................10
§1.3.3  我国农村财政扶贫资金投入的构成与管理..........................................12
§1.3.4  回归分析方法在研究中的引入..............................................................18
§1.4 研究内容、研究方法与写作框架....................................................................22
§1.4.1  研究内容..................................................................................................22
§1.4.2  研究方法..................................................................................................22
§1.4.3  写作框架..................................................................................................24
第二章  农村财政扶贫资金投入效果评估的理论分析...............................................25
§2.1 农村财政扶贫资金投入的必要性....................................................................25
§2.1.1  公共产品理论..........................................................................................25
§2.1.2  农村的经济发展存在外部效益..............................................................28
§2.1.3  市场机制不能解决农村居民和城市居民收入分配的公正问题..........28
§2.2 农村财政扶贫资金投入效果的评估标准........................................................28
§2.2.1  农村财政扶贫资金投入效果的涵义......................................................28
§2.2.2  农村财政扶贫资金投入效果评估的原则..............................................30
§2.3 农村财政扶贫资金投入方式的理论分析........................................................31
§2.3.1  财政发展资金投入模式..........................................................................31
§2.3.2  贴息贷款资金投入模式..........................................................................33
§2.3.3  以工代赈资金投入模式..........................................................................35
第三章 农村财政扶贫资金投入效果评估的实证分析................................................38
§3.1 我国农村财政扶贫资金的总体效果................................................................38
§3.1.1  贫困标准与贫困规模..............................................................................38
§3.1.2  收入状况..................................................................................................39
§3.1.3  我国扶贫开发工作执行情况..................................................................39
§3.2 农村财政扶贫资金效果评估模型的建立及实证分析....................................40
§3.2.1  财政扶贫资金投入效果计量分析的数据选择......................................40
§3.2.2  财政扶贫资金投入效果评估的计量分析..............................................43
§3.3  结论...................................................................................................................48
第四章 提高农村财政扶贫资金效果的解决方案........................................................50
§4.1  市场经济条件下政府农村扶贫职能的定位...................................................50

§4.2  改进财政扶贫资金投入方式，优化投向结构...............................................51
§4.2.1  完善财政扶贫资金的目标瞄准体系......................................................51
§4.2.2  有重点选择农村财政扶贫资金的投入领域..........................................53
§4.2.3  优化财政扶贫资金的投入结构..............................................................54
§4.2.4  拓宽扶贫资金的来源渠道，实现多元化筹资......................................56
§4.3  创新财政扶贫资金投资体制，提高利用效率...............................................56
§4.3.1  规定财政扶贫资金的有偿使用原则......................................................56
§4.3.2  引入小额信贷形式的金融扶贫模式......................................................57
§4.3.3  建立财政扶贫投资的监管与评估机制..................................................58
第五章 总结与进一步研究方向....................................................................................60
§5.1  全文总结...........................................................................................................60
§5.2  进一步研究方向...............................................................................................60
参考文献.........................................................................................................................62

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摘要：

农村财政扶贫资金的投入效果评估研究摘要自农村改革以来，政府采取了一系列的反贫困措施，中国的农村贫困人口得到大幅度减少。资金的大量投入推动了贫困地区的经济发展，对贫困地区解决温饱问题和建设社会主义新农村是直接而深远的。然而伴随着资金投入的不断加大，近年来农村贫困人口减少的速度却越来越慢。对照现实困境，我们有理由重新审视农村扶贫资金的管理与使用效率，寻找更为有效的农村扶贫资金投入可行方案，切实缓解我国农村扶贫工作效率不断下降的局面。本文正是基于上述因素的考虑，对我国农村财政扶贫资金的投入展开了分析。本文首先从农村反贫困的理论入手，分析了财政扶贫效果的国内外研究现状，并对我国财政扶贫资金投入模式的主...

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