20世纪50-60年代浙江省富阳县手工造纸业研究

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浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

摘要

20 世纪 50-60 年代，中国正处在一个社会经济的转型时期，手工造纸业作为

中国的传统产业，同样发生了巨大的变革。现在手工造纸业基本转变为机械造纸

业，在手工造纸业发展变迁的过程中，分工起到了至关重要的作用，所以有必要

以分工和专业化的视角对手工造纸业进行考察。

本文的研究对象，是 20 世纪 50-60 年代的浙江省富阳县手工造纸业。本文的

目的就是试图以分工和专业化的视角分析该时期富阳手工造纸业发生了何种变迁

及分工和专业化在变迁过程中所起到的作用，尤其是富阳手工造纸业的发展是否

符合斯密型动力分工理论。之所以选择这个时期，是因为该时期的富阳手工造纸

业呈现出分工和专业化的趋势。对这段时间富阳手工造纸业的研究，对了解该时

期富阳手工造纸业的发展有着一定意义。具体说来，本文包括以下几个部分：

一、从宏观的角度考察了有“造纸之乡”美誉的浙江省富阳县的手工造纸业，并

简要介绍富阳手工造纸业的历史沿革和当代概况。这一部分从富阳手工造纸业与

人民生活关系、富阳手工造纸业之所以在富阳存在的天然环境、富阳手工造纸的

分类及制造程序和生产成本、富阳土纸的产销情况来阐述富阳手工造纸业的当代

概况。得出该时期手工造纸业在富阳县的地位是举足轻重的。

二、从微观上对富阳农民家庭手工造纸的成本收益进行分析。这一部分主要

以富阳大源区民乐乡蒋家村为考察对象，对该村的农民家庭手工造纸业进行成本

收益分析，分析了农民在从事手工造纸业方面的三种选择，也阐述了手工造纸业

在农民家庭收入中的比重，进而折射出富阳整个地区的农民家庭手工造纸业的状

况。本部分得出，富阳手工造纸业在农民家庭收入占据极其重要的位置，并且在

三种行为选择中，自己种竹自己做纸是利益最大化的理性选择。

三、该部分从分工和专业化的理论角度来分析分工和专业化对富阳手工造纸

业的作用，并进一步分析了政府组织和当地社会环境对富阳手工造纸业专业化的

影响。同时，本部分从价值规律和社会经济学方面对富阳手工造纸业进行了分析。

这一部分研究的是富阳手工造纸业是否符合斯密型动力分工，即富阳手工造纸业

的发展是否享受到了分工和专业化的好处。同时，该部分通过对政府组织对富阳

手工造纸业所采取的态度及措施进行考察分析，进而阐明当时状况下政府对富阳

县手工造纸业专业化的影响。并且从地方习俗、社会风气、信仰，文化名人对手

工造纸业的影响，与邻省的切磋竞争关系，全民素质的变化四个方面解释了当地

社会环境对富阳手工造纸业的影响。另外，该部分通过考察人民公社时期价值规

律对富阳县土纸的调节作用和从社会学角度考察了富阳手工造纸业的发展。

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

四、在研究了该时期的富阳手工造纸业发展之后，第四部分考查了富阳手工

造纸业向机械造纸业的转变及其原因。具体说来，通过与全国造纸工业发展情况

的对比，得出富阳手工造纸业向机械造纸业转变较其他省市地区存在时滞，并且

富阳手工造纸业向机械造纸业转变有其必然优势。

五、该部分是在前几部分研究的基础上做出总结，并征对一开始所提出的问

题“富阳手工造纸的发展是否符合斯密型动力”进行有根据的回答，并深入总结富阳

手工造纸的发展及其原因。

关键词：手工造纸业；分工；专业化；富阳

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

III

ABSTRACT

The 50s and 60s of the 20th century, China is in a socio-economic transition period,

the handmade paper industry as China's traditional industries, the same happened a

dramatic change. Handmade paper industry basically transformed into mechanical paper

industry now, the division of labor has played a crucial role in the process of change in

the development of the handmade paper industry, it is necessary to study on the

handmade paper industry from the division and specialization of perspective.

The object of this paper is handmade paper industry in Fuyang county, Zhejiang

Province of the 1950s and 1960s. The purpose of this article is an attempt to analyze

what happened about the change of Fuyang handmade paper industry in this period and

the role played by the division of labor and specialization in the change process.

Especially the Fuyang handmade paper industry's development will meet the Smith

power division of labor theory. The reason why I chose this period is because Fuyang

handmade paper industry in this period is showing a trend of division of labor and

specialization. Study on Fuyang handmade paper industry of this period that had a

certain significance to understanding of the Fuyang handmade paper industry

development in this period. Specifically this paper includes the following sections:

Firstly, from a macro perspective examines the handmade paper industry of

Fuyang County which had the "paper town" reputation in Zhejiang Province. And

briefly introduce the history and contemporary overview of Fuyang handmade paper

industry. This part Expounds the general situation of Fuyang manual papermaking

contemporary from the relationship between Fuyang manual papermaking and people's

living, the natural environment of Fuyang, Fuyang manual papermaking classification

and manufacturing procedure and production cost and Fuyang handmade paper of the

production and marketing situation. The conclusion is drawn that this period manual

papermaking in Fuyang county status is important.

Secondly, analyze the cost and income of Fuyang peasant family manual

papermaking from microscopic view. This part mainly chose Fuyang Dayuan district

Minle township Jiang village as the inspection object. For the village peasant family

manual papermaking cost benefit analysis.Analysis of the farmers engaged in manual

papermaking aspects of the three options. Also this part expounds the manual

papermaking in the proportion of peasant family income. And then reflects the fuyang

regional farmers' family manual papermaking situation. This section can get that

Fuyang manual papermaking occupies an extremely important position in farmers'

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

family income. And in three kinds of behavior choice, his kind of bamboo do paper is

the largest selection of interests.

Thirdly, analyze the division of labor and specialization to fuyang manual

papermaking role from the theoretical perspective of division of labor and specialization.

And further analysis of the government organization and the local social environment

on the fuyang manual papermaking professional influence. At the same time, this part

from the law of value and social economics to fuyang manual papermaking were

analyzed.What this part study on is whether Fuyang manual papermaking in compliance

with Smith type power division of labor or not. Namely, whether Fuyang manual

papermaking industry had enjoy the benefits of division of labor and specialization or

not. Also, this part clarify what the influence of the government at that time on the

professionalization of Fuyang manual papermaking industry by investigate the attitude

and measures that government organization had taken to Fuyang Attitude and measures

industry. And explain the local social environment on the influence of fuyang manual

papermaking from local customs, general mood of society, religion, cultural celebrities

to hand the paper industry influence, the competition relationship with neighbouring,

change of the quality of the whole people aspects. In addition, this part by investigating

the people's commune period law of value to fuyang county handmade paper to adjust

action and from sociological perspective the fuyang handmade paper industry

development.

Fourthly, after study on the development of Fuyang manual papermaking industry

this period, the fourth part researched the transformation from manual papermaking

industry to a mechanical paper in Fuyang and its reason. In practical terms, through

contrast with the paper industry development situation, reach a conclusion that Fuyang

manual papermaking industry to a mechanical paper industry transformation was of delay action.

And, Fuyang had inevitable advantage about handmade paper industry transform to

mechanical paper.

Finally, this part make out a summary basis on previous part study and answer the

question about “whether Fuyang manual papermaking in compliance with Smith type

power division of labor or not”. Also, sum up deeply the development and its reason of

Fuyang manual papermaking industry.

Keywords：Manual papermaking industry；Division of labor；Specialization；Fuyang

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

第一章绪论 ......................................................... 1

第二章浙江省富阳县手工造纸业的历史沿革及当代概况 ................... 5

第一节历史沿革 ....................................................................................................................5

第二节当代概况 ....................................................................................................................7

第三章富阳县农民家庭手工造纸的成本收益分析 ........................ 14

第一节农民家庭制作土纸的成本和收益.....................................................................15

第二节手工纸在农民家庭收入中的比重.....................................................................21

第四章对富阳县手工造纸业发展的经济学分析 .......................... 24

第一节运用分工和专业化理论对富阳县手工造纸业的解释 ................................24

第二节运用价值规律和社会经济学原理对富阳县手工造纸业的解释 ..............31

第五章富阳县手工造纸业向机械造纸业的转变 .......................... 36

第一节富阳手工造纸业向机械造纸业转变的时滞及原因分析............................36

第二节富阳县机械造纸业发展的优势 .........................................................................38

第六章结论 ........................................................ 41

参考文献 ........................................................... 43

致谢 ............................................... 错误！未定义书签。

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摘要：

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文I摘要20世纪50-60年代，中国正处在一个社会经济的转型时期，手工造纸业作为中国的传统产业，同样发生了巨大的变革。现在手工造纸业基本转变为机械造纸业，在手工造纸业发展变迁的过程中，分工起到了至关重要的作用，所以有必要以分工和专业化的视角对手工造纸业进行考察。本文的研究对象，是20世纪50-60年代的浙江省富阳县手工造纸业。本文的目的就是试图以分工和专业化的视角分析该时期富阳手工造纸业发生了何种变迁及分工和专业化在变迁过程中所起到的作用，尤其是富阳手工造纸业的发展是否符合斯密型动力分工理论。之所以选择这个时期，是因为该时期的富阳手工造纸业呈现出分工和专业化的趋势。对这段...

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