基于人格特质的工作满意度对工作绩效影响研究

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浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

摘要

如果说企业是一台机器，那么员工就是组成机器的一个个小零件。机器产出

的高低很大程度上取决于零件运行的效率。同样的道理，企业的效益取决于员工

个人的工作绩效。而员工的工作满意度会在一定的程度上影响其工作效率，工作

满意度高会导致员工工作积极性高，从而产生良好的工作绩效；工作满意度低则

员工的工作热情低，日积月累员工会对工作产生厌倦情绪甚至抵触，最终工作绩

效也不尽如人意。现阶段企业特别注重员工的满意度，希望能通过提高员工的工

作满意度来提高员工的工作绩效，以此来改善企业的效益。但是目前让人困惑的

地方是员工的满意度虽高，可工作绩效却不理想。人格特质作为个体独有的特征

不但影响工作满意度，而且也影响工作绩效。根据学术界有关学者已证实了工作

满意度与工作绩效的关系受第三方因素的影响，结合人格特质、工作满意度与工

作绩效两两间作用关系，本文大胆的提出人格特质会影响工作满意度对工作绩效

的作用，并探究在人格特质作用下，工作满意度对工作绩效的作用效果，为企业

提出一些管理建议。

本研究从人格特质出发，以制造企业员工为研究对象，以讨论工作满意度对

工作绩效影响为主线，探讨制造型企业员工的内外控人格特质、工作满意度和工

作绩效三者间的关系。通过对人格特质、工作满意度和工作绩效的相关文献研究，

本研究提出工作满意度与工作绩效正相关；内外控人格特质分别对工作满意度和

工作绩效具有正向预测作用；在人格特质的作用背景下，工作满意度对工作绩效

具有显著影响四个研究假设。笔者采用内外控人格特质作为对人格特质的研究，

并把工作满意度划为五个维度（工作环境、收入分配状况、个人发展前景、企业

形象、工作生活平衡度）和工作绩效划为两个维度（任务绩效、周边绩效）来研

究。借鉴早期学者对内外控人格特质、工作满意度和工作绩效的测量量表，设计

适合本文的调查问卷，并通过纸质问卷和电子问卷的形式收集数据。通过运用 SPSS

统计软件将收集来的数据进行信效度检测、描述性统计分析、相关分析、回归分

析。根据数据分析结果，得出研究结果和结论，进而提出相应的建议。

对研究的结果进行了总结和讨论，工作满意度对工作绩效有一定影响，但影

响力度不是很大。员工的内外控人格特质分别对员工的工作满意度和工作绩效均

具有显著的预测作用，偏内控性员工的工作满意度和工作绩效都高出偏外控性员

工的工作满意度和工作绩效。在内外控人格特质的作用下，工作满意度对工作绩

效有显著的影响，且影响力度比之前的要大。

本研究从动态的角度把人格特质、工作满意度和工作绩效归入一起进行研究，

并在人格特质作用下，深入探寻工作满意度对工作绩效的影响效果，能较为全面

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

准确地解释员工心理活动和外在表现。此外，在工作满意度的子维度中，本文引

入了一个新的维度——工作生活平衡度，进一步诠释员工对工作的满意情况。结

合制造型企业员工的人格特质，从人力资源管理的角度，研究提出将员工进行适

应性管理的建议，并指出了本文研究的不足和未来研究方向。

关键词：人格特质；工作满意度；任务绩效；周边绩效

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

III

ABSTRACT

If the enterprise is a machine, so the staff is a small parts which compose the

machine. The output of the machine largely depends on the efficiency of running parts.

In the same way, the efficiency of enterprises depends on the individual's job

performance. In a certain extent, the employee's job satisfaction will affect the work

efficiency, high job satisfaction will produce high staff enthusiasm, resulting in good

working performance; Otherwise job satisfaction is low, the staff's working enthusiasm

will be low, over a long period staff will be boredom, then contradictive, and ultimately

work performance is not satisfactory. At present enterprise pay special attention to

employee satisfaction, hoping to improve employees' job satisfaction to improve

performance of employees, so as to improve the efficiency of enterprises. But the

problem is the employee satisfaction is high, but performance is not ideal. As an

individual unique features Personality traits not only influence job satisfaction, but also

influence job performance. According to the academic scholars,that the relationship

between job satisfaction and job performance is affected by the other factors. Combined

with the relationship among personality trait, job satisfaction and job performance, this

paper think that personality will influnce the effect of job satisfaction to job

performance.In the influence of personality traits,the paper is going to exploring the

function of job satisfaction to job performance, in order to put forward some

suggestions for the enterprise management.

The study, from personality trait, puts manufacturing enterprise staff as the research

object, investigates the job satisfaction for job performance influence as the main line,

discusses the relation among locus of control, job satisfaction and job performance.

Based on related research of personality traits, job satisfaction and job performance , the

study proposes that job satisfaction and job performance arepositive correlation; Locus

of control can predict the staffs' job satisfaction and job performance. In the role of the

personality traits, job satisfaction can significant infiuence job performance. The author

uses locus of control for personality trait study, and job satisfaction has the five

dimensions (work environment, the income distribution status, personal development

prospects, enterprise image, work life balance degree) and work performance has two

dimensions (task performance and peripheral performance) to study. According to early

scholars 'studies of locus of control, job satisfaction and job performance measurement

scale, the paper designs suitable questionnaire, and collect data through the paper

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

questionnaire and electronic questionnaire . By using SPSS statistical software test the

collected data's reliability and validity, descriptive statistics analysis, correlation

analysis, regression analysis. According to the results of data analysis, paper will

conclude the conclusion, and put forward some corresponding suggestions.

From the results of the study, job satisfaction to the work performance have certain

effect, but the impact strength is not very big. Staff's locus of control with the job

satisfaction and the job performance has significant prediction effect respectively,

partial internal control sexual employee job satisfaction and job performance are more

than partial external control sexual employee job satisfaction and job performance.

Under the action of locus of control job satisfaction to the work performance have

significant influence, and the impact strength of the bigger than fromer.

The study get the personality traits, job satisfaction and job performance together to

research, and in the personality trait effect, thoroughly explore job satisfaction to the

work of the performance effect, can be more comprehensive accurately explain

employee psychological activities and external performance. In addition, in the work

satisfaction son dimension, this paper introduces a new dimension - work life balance

degree, further interpretate of employees work satisfaction. Combined with

manufacturing enterprise staff's personality trait, from the perspective of human

resource management, paper puts forward some adaptive management suggestions and

points out the shortages of the study and the future research direction.

Keywords:Personality Trait;Job Satisfaction;Task Performance;Peripheral Performance

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

第一章绪论……………………………………………………………………………………..1

第一节研究背景 ................................................................................................................1

第二节研究目的和意义...................................................................................................2

第三节研究内容和思路...................................................................................................2

第四节研究方法及创新点 ..............................................................................................5

第二章文献综述……………………………………………………………………………….6

第一节工作满意度研究综述..........................................................................................6

第二节工作绩效研究综述 ........................................................................................... 12

第三节人格特质研究综述 ........................................................................................... 14

第四节人格特质、工作满意度与工作绩效之间关系研究综述....................... 17

第五节研究述评 ............................................................................................................. 19

第三章工作满意度影响工作绩效的模型构建…………………………………………20

第一节概念界定 ............................................................................................................. 20

第二节模型构建 ............................................................................................................. 21

第三节研究假设 ............................................................................................................. 22

第四章实证研究方案设计………………………………………………………………….24

第一节研究变量测量 .................................................................................................... 24

第二节问卷设计 ............................................................................................................. 26

第三节数据收集 ............................................................................................................. 26

第五章数据分析及研究结果……………………………………………………………….29

第一节样本描述性统计 ............................................................................................. 29

第二节信度效度分析 .................................................................................................... 30

第三节工作满意度、工作绩效和内外控人格特质的现状分析....................... 38

第四节研究变量的相关分析....................................................................................... 40

第五节研究变量的回归分析....................................................................................... 42

第六节个体特质对各变量的影响 ............................................................................. 52

第七节研究结果 ............................................................................................................. 57

第六章研究结论、建议及展望……………………………………………………………58

第一节研究结论 ............................................................................................................. 58

第二节措施建议 ............................................................................................................. 61

第三节研究不足及展望................................................................................................ 63

参考文献…………………………………………………………………………………………64

附录一调查问卷…………………………………………………………………………….69

附录二硕士在读期间参加的科研项目及发表的学术论文…………………………73

致谢……………………………………………………………………………………………….74

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

图目录

图1-1 研究技术路线 ............................................................................................................. 4

图3-1 研究模型 ................................................................................................................... 21

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摘要：

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文I摘要如果说企业是一台机器，那么员工就是组成机器的一个个小零件。机器产出的高低很大程度上取决于零件运行的效率。同样的道理，企业的效益取决于员工个人的工作绩效。而员工的工作满意度会在一定的程度上影响其工作效率，工作满意度高会导致员工工作积极性高，从而产生良好的工作绩效；工作满意度低则员工的工作热情低，日积月累员工会对工作产生厌倦情绪甚至抵触，最终工作绩效也不尽如人意。现阶段企业特别注重员工的满意度，希望能通过提高员工的工作满意度来提高员工的工作绩效，以此来改善企业的效益。但是目前让人困惑的地方是员工的满意度虽高，可工作绩效却不理想。人格特质作为个体独有的特征不但影响工作满...

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