金融发展与区域经济收敛差异化研究

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浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

摘要

经济增长收敛是 20 世纪 90 年代以来经济增长理论研究最为热门的话题之一。

其核心，就在于考察不同经济体之间或一国内部不同区域之间经济增长速度的差

异，进而寻找这种差异产生的原因。随着改革开放的不断深入，我国市场经济体

制得到进一步完善，使得经济可持续性增长成为研究我国经济增长的核心问题。

与此同时，中国经济也在经历了连续几年的高速增长之后，步入了缓慢增长时期，

区域经济也出现了较为明显的收敛现象。因此，研究经济收敛现象的决定因素不

仅蕴含重大的理论意义也极具实际意义。关于中国地区间经济差距的研究文献虽

然很多，其中也不乏收敛因素的研究，但是大多仅限于对物质资本和人力资本因

素的研究，很少涉及金融因素。而如今金融已逐渐成为现代经济的核心，金融的

深化与发展构成了中国区域经济发展的最主要的方面之一。因此研究区域间的金

融差异对于解释为什么产生区域间经济差距以及如何缩小区域间经济差距具有重

大的现实意义。

本文拟在已有研究基础上，将收敛命题扩展到金融因素，全面系统地考察我

国金融发展对经济收敛的影响机制，从理论上对金融因素的经济增长收敛机制进

行较为系统的分析，并在此基础上采用绝对收敛和条件收敛两种方法对中国省际

数据进行实证检验。通过绝对收敛和条件收敛两组实证检验结果的分析比较，提

出我国金融发展对区域经济增长收敛影响程度和各区域间金融发展对经济收敛的

差异化效应。

在理论分析部分，本文回顾了区域经济收敛理论、金融与经济发展关系研究、

金融与收敛关系研究等相关内容，进而以β收敛模型为基本框架，结合 AK 模型，

添加金融因素作为控制变量，构造了分析金融发展作用于区域经济收敛的实证模

型。

在实证研究部分，本文首先对我国区域金融发展现状进行了分析；然后详细

介绍了本文在实证检验时所要用到的数据和方法；之后笔者选取了 4个方面共 6

个度量金融资产的指标，对金融发展的经济收敛影响进行了实证分析。实证结果

显示，不论在全国范围内，还是三大区域内，都存在明显的绝对收敛特征，并且

东部地区的收敛速度要明显高于其他两个地区；从金融资产的角度来看，现阶段

的中国，金融资产对区域经济收敛的作用效果明显，收敛速度要大于不考虑金融

因素时的情况，并且属于间接融资的金融资产对收敛的效应要大于直接融资；从

空间上来看，金融资产对中西部地区的影响要大于东部地区。

在已有研究的基础上本文主要有以下创新：第一，就当前国内现有可参考的

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

文献来说，大多集中在人力资本或物质资本对经济收敛的作用机制上，但随着中

国金融行业的不断发展，金融资产日益多元化，本文从区域性金融资产出发，进

一步探究了金融性因素在区域经济传递过程中的影响大小，也为区域经济传递的

研究开拓了新的领域，而国外相关实证分析中以美国等发达国家的研究为主，对

其他所谓的“欠发达地区”的研究甚少，尤其是在地区经济差距问题日益严重的

中国，本文的研究更具有现实意义。第二，从研究方法来看，国内外学者大多采

用截面数据分析法，但该种方法的前提假设条件过于严格，而且不能很好处理样

本数据异质性的问题。因此，本文采用面板数据法，很好地解决了这一问题，修

正了收敛速度的偏差。

关键字：区域经济；收敛；金融发展

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

III

ABSTRACT

Since the 1990s, Economic Growth Convergence has become one of the hottest

topics in Economic Growth Theory. The core is to investigate the economic growth

difference, among different economies or different areas within one country, to find the

causes of the difference. With the deepening of economic reforms, China's market

economic system has been further improved, and the Sustainable Economic Growth of

China becoming a core problem in China Economic Growth. Meanwhile, after

experiencing several years of rapid growth, China’s economy entered the slow growth

period, and the regional economic also appeared obvious convergence. Therefore,

research the determinants of economic convergence phenomenon not only contains

great theoretical significance but also of great practical significance. Although there are

many researches and papers for the Chinese regional economic gaps, including some

convergence of factors, but most of them are restricted to the physical capital and

human capital, rarely involves the financial factors. But now, finance has gradually

become the core of modern economy. Financial deepening and development have

constitute one of the most important aspects in China’s regional economic development.

Therefore, the study of regional financial difference has a significant meaning in the

explanation of the reasons for regional economic disparities, as well as how to reduce

the gaps.

This paper, on the basis of previous researches, tends to extend the proposition of

the convergence to the financial factors, inspecting the mechanism of China's financial

development to the economic convergence comprehensively, Systematically analyzing

the economic growth convergence mechanism and empirical testing the Chinese

provincial data by using the absolutely convergence and conditional convergence. By

analyzing the two groups of empirical findings of the absolutely convergence and

conditional convergence, this paper puts forward the influence degree of our financial

developing on the regional economic growth convergence and the different effects of

regional financial developing on economic convergence.

In the part of theoretical analysis, this paper reviews the related content on the

theory of regional economic convergence and study of the relationship between finance

and economic development, and structuring the empirical model for analyzing of

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

financial development to regional economic convergence, on the basis of β convergence

model and AK model.

In the part of empirical study, this paper first analyzed the present situation of

China's regional financial development. Then it introduced the data and method in detail

for empirical test. Then the paper dose empirical analysis of the economic convergence

effect on financial development, by selecting 4 respects in all 6 index measurement of

financial assets. The empirical result shows that: there exist absolute convergence

characteristics, in both nationwide and three large areas. And the convergence speed in

the eastern regions is significantly higher than the other two regions. From the financial

asset point of view, the effect of the financial assets on the regional economic

convergence is much more obvious in the present stage of China, in the condition of the

convergence is faster than that of excluding financial factors of indirect financing, and

belongs to the financial assets on the convergence of the effect is greater than the direct

financing. From the space view, the role of financial assets to central-western region

impacted more than the eastern region.

Based on existing research, this paper has the following innovations: First, on the

current domestic existing reference literature, most of the current studies are focused on

economic convergence effect mechanism of human capital and material capital.

However, on the development of China’s finance industry and the diversification of

financial assets, this paper from the regional financial assets, further explores the effects

of the financial factors in the process of regional economic transmission, and also opens

up a new field for the regional economic transfer study., but the foreign empirical study

is related to the United States of America and other developed countries, not much on

the so-called “developing areas", especially in China, where the problem of the regional

economy convergence is becoming prominent, so, the study of this paper has a practical

significance. Second, most scholars using the cross-sectional data analysis from the

research method, while the assumption condition of this method is considered too strict

and can not handling the heterogeneity of the sample data well. As a result, this paper

using the panel data method, settling well with this problem and amending the deviation

of convergence rate.

Keywords：regional economic；convergence；financial development

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

第一章绪论 ............................................................................................................ 1

1.1 研究背景及意义 ...................................................................................... 1

1.2 论文基本思路 .......................................................................................... 2

1.3 本文可能的创新点 .................................................................................. 3

第二章金融发展与区域经济收敛理论综述 ........................................................ 4

2.1 区域经济收敛理论 .................................................................................. 4

2.2 金融与经济发展关系文献 ...................................................................... 7

2.3 金融发展与经济收敛 .............................................................................11

2.4 小结 ........................................................................................................ 12

第三章基于金融发展的区域经济收敛模型分析 .............................................. 13

3.1 收敛模型 ................................................................................................ 13

3.2 AK 模型的优化 ..................................................................................... 18

3.3 金融发展的区域经济收敛模型 ............................................................ 20

3.4 小结 ........................................................................................................ 22

第四章实证分析 .................................................................................................. 24

4.1 我国金融资产的差异分析 .................................................................... 24

4.2 样本数据的收集和研究方法 ................................................................ 29

4.3 实证结果 ................................................................................................ 31

第五章结论及政策 .............................................................................................. 34

5.1 结论 ........................................................................................................ 34

5.2 政策建议 ................................................................................................ 35

参考文献 ................................................................................................................ 37

附录...................................................................................................................... 42

致谢 ........................................................................................................................ 43

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摘要：

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文I摘要经济增长收敛是20世纪90年代以来经济增长理论研究最为热门的话题之一。其核心，就在于考察不同经济体之间或一国内部不同区域之间经济增长速度的差异，进而寻找这种差异产生的原因。随着改革开放的不断深入，我国市场经济体制得到进一步完善，使得经济可持续性增长成为研究我国经济增长的核心问题。与此同时，中国经济也在经历了连续几年的高速增长之后，步入了缓慢增长时期，区域经济也出现了较为明显的收敛现象。因此，研究经济收敛现象的决定因素不仅蕴含重大的理论意义也极具实际意义。关于中国地区间经济差距的研究文献虽然很多，其中也不乏收敛因素的研究，但是大多仅限于对物质资本和人力资本因素的研究...

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