科学发展观视阈下的农村土地流转研究

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浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

摘要

改革开放后的农村家庭联产承包责任制曾极大地推动了中国国农村经济的发

展，但随着市场经济的发展和城市化的推进，这项制度的边际效益逐渐降低。随

着农村劳动力走出农村，进入城市从事二、三产业，非农产业的比较收益让很多

农户不愿再耕种土地，从而出现大量闲置抛荒现象。与此同时，这种各家各户分

散的土地承包经营制度使得土地零碎布局，阻碍了现代化农业技术的推广，妨碍

农业生产效率的提高，也不利于农产品的安全质量控制，最终降低了农民的农业

产业收入。

促进农业发展，增加农民收入成为我们当前迫切需要解决的重要课题。中国

共产党十六届三中全会提出了科学发展观的重要战略思想，这是指导我国继续推

进社会主义现代化建设的重要理论武器。科学发展观是马克思主义发展理论中国

化实践的最新成果，是借鉴之前几代领导集体关于社会主义国家发展经验和教训

基础上提出的指导方针。按照科学发展观的要求，寻求解决当前土地分散经营带

来的低效率，促进土地生产效率持续增长的方案。

本文以科学发展观为理论指导，将研究的中心放到农村土地流转制度上。紧

紧围绕着这一中心，运用历史分析方法和逻辑分析方法，一方面从中国农村土地

流转的历史变迁角度，来梳理土地流转方式的多样性以及各种方式中违背科学发

展观理论的弊端，指出在科学发展观指导下土地流转的方向。另一方面对中国土

地流转制度变迁的内在规律进行分析，进而增强论文结论和政策设计的合理性和

科学性。本文以系统论的思维方法，将我国农村土地流转制度创新当作一个系统

来研究，按照科学发展观理论提出的各项要求，从保障失地农民利益，促进失地

农民再就业，健全国家宏观调控机制的角度进行全面分析研究，提出对应的政策。

本文主要分为以下五个部分：

第一部分绪论主要介绍论文的研究背景和目的、国内外研究现状以及论文的

研究方法和创新之处。

第二部分科学发展观是对马克思主义发展观的中国化实践创新，将介绍科学

发展观的详细内涵和其产生的理论渊源（马克思的辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义、

列宁的发展理论等）。

第三部分马克思土地产权理论的中国化实践和存在的问题，将介绍我国土地

流转研究的理论基础（马克思的土地产权理论），农村土地流转政策的发展历程和

各类土地流转形式。

第四部分当前农村土地流转中存在的违背科学发展观的问题，将介绍农村土

地流转现状和土地流转中存在的违背科学发展观的问题·

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

第五部分科学发展观视阈下的促进农村土地流转的政策建议，将介绍符合科

学发展观要求的各类建议包括：贯彻以人为本思想切实保障农民的合法权益；贯

彻以人为本思想稳步推进失地农民社会保障制度建设；科学发展观视阈下促进失

地农民再就业；科学发展观视阈下建立中介机构科学发展观视阈下健全加强农地

流转的宏观调控。

关键词：农村土地流转；土地零碎；科学发展观；调控机制

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

III

ABSTRACT

Since China carried the reform and opening up policy, our country established a

market economy target and the household contract responsibility system. Production of

our country agriculture gained a short-term rapid growth At the beginning of the

implementation and then slowing down. The household contract responsibility system’s

marginal benefit is gradually reduced. With the rural labor out of the countryside into

the city to engage in secondary and tertiary industries, the comparative income of the

non-agricultural industries made many farmers do not cultivate the land left some land

unused . At the same time, the scattered land management system made land layout and

hindered the promotion of modern agricultural technology preventing the increase of

agricultural production efficiency .It affects the safety of agricultural products,

ultimately reduced farmers' agricultural income.

Now Promoting the development of agriculture and making farmers' income grow

is our important target. Our party at The Third Plenary Session of the 16th Central

Committee proposed an important strategic thinking of the Scientific Outlook on

development. The thinking is the guidance to our socialist modernization construction.

The Scientific Outlook on development is the latest theory achievements of the Chinese

practice of Marxism about development. Learn prior two generations of collective

leadership experience and lessons learned about the development of a socialist country

under the premise of the proposed guidance. According to the requirements of the

scientific outlook of development, seek the program of resolving the current

decentralized management of land’s low efficiency and promoting land productivity

continued growth.

The scientific outlook on development is this paper’s theoretical guidance and we

put the research center on the rural land circulation system. Tightly around the center,

we use the historical analytical methods and logic analysis method. On the one hand,

with the point of the historical changes of Chinese rural land circulation, we analyze the

diversity of the land circulation mode and drawbacks of various ways to point out the

direction of the land circulation under the guidance of the scientific outlook on

development. On the other hand we analyze the inherent laws of the land circulation

system changes with logical analysis method to make the papers conclusions and policy

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

design reasonable and scientific.

The paper is divided into the following five sections:

The first part describes the research’s background and purpose.

The second part describes the scientific outlook on development which is the

practice innovation of Marxist concept of development. It will introduce the detailed

content of the scientific outlook on development and its theoretical origins (Marxist

dialectical materialism and historical materialism, Lenin's development theory).

The third part describes the practice of Marx land property rights theory and the

theory’s problems, also describes the theoretical origins of China's land circulation

research (Marx's theory of land property rights), the develop process of t rural land

circulation policy.

The fourth part reveals problems of current rural land circulation which goes

against the scientific outlook on development.

Part V gives some recommendations under the scientific outlook on development.

Keywords: rural land circulation; land piecemeal; the scientific outlook on

development; regulatory mechanism

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

第一章绪论··························································1

第一节论文的研究背景和目的······································1

第二节国内外研究现状············································1

第三节论文的研究方法············································3

第四节论文的创新之处············································3

第二章科学发展观是对马克思主义发展观的实践创新······················5

第一节科学发展观产生的理论渊源··································5

第二节科学发展观的内涵··········································7

第三节科学发展观对新时期农村工作的指导意义·····················10

第三章我国农村土地流转政策的发展历程·······························12

第一节马克思土地产权理论对农村土地流转探索的启示···············12

第二节农村土地流转政策的发展历程·······························14

第三节农村土地流转的各种形式···································18

第四章当前农村土地流转中存在的问题·································23

第一节农村土地流转发展现状·····································23

第二节农村土地流转中存在的违背科学发展观的问题·················26

第五章科学发展观指导下促进农村土地流转的政策建议···················30

第一节贯彻以人为本思想切实保障农民的合法权益···················30

第二节贯彻以人为本思想稳步推进失地农民社会保障制度建设·········31

第三节科学发展观视阈下促进失地农民再就业·······················33

第四节科学发展观视阈下建立中介机构规范土地流转·················35

第五节科学发展观视阈下政府加强农地流转的宏观调控···············36

结束语······························································39

参考文献····························································41

附录································································44

致谢································································45

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摘要：

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文I摘要改革开放后的农村家庭联产承包责任制曾极大地推动了中国国农村经济的发展，但随着市场经济的发展和城市化的推进，这项制度的边际效益逐渐降低。随着农村劳动力走出农村，进入城市从事二、三产业，非农产业的比较收益让很多农户不愿再耕种土地，从而出现大量闲置抛荒现象。与此同时，这种各家各户分散的土地承包经营制度使得土地零碎布局，阻碍了现代化农业技术的推广，妨碍农业生产效率的提高，也不利于农产品的安全质量控制，最终降低了农民的农业产业收入。促进农业发展，增加农民收入成为我们当前迫切需要解决的重要课题。中国共产党十六届三中全会提出了科学发展观的重要战略思想，这是指导我国继续推进社会主...

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