
浙江财经学院硕士学位论文
7
ABSTRACT
After the founding of new China, the state adopted a pro-natal policy of population,
population resulted in a rapid increase in the number of.In the nineteen seventies,
Chinese society has significant in young adults, there is a huge potential demographic
dividend.After reforming and opening, agricultural management system reform and the
city state-owned enterprise reform to make potential demographic dividend gradually
transformed into real demographic dividend.Demographic dividend makes Chinese
have a high savings rate, but the imperfect financial system and the reform of
state-owned enterprises has made the Chinese domestic savings in the domestic
financial sector is difficult to directly through into investment.Finally, the surplus
savings only through net export the form to achieve.Compared with the developed
countries of high consumption, low savings and economic development mode for
China's net exports provided a huge market, so that China's net exports to the smooth
realization of.The result of this process is China has seen a massive current-account
surplus.A huge number of labour makes China look from whole capital relative to labor
more scarce, and the imperfect financial system but also makes the limited capital for
state-owned enterprises.This situation caused by private enterprise capital more scarce,
eventually making Chinese capital in civilian battalion economy is very expensive, this
will inevitably lead to Chinese folk capital profit rate is very high.High profit rate of
capital in open economies will attract a lot of foreign capital.At the same time, the
developed countries to take a low interest rate policy, the two aspects of the interaction
ultimately makes the foreign capital inflows to China, it will inevitably lead to China's
capital account is surplus.Of course, in this process, Chinese local government to give
foreign various preferential policies to further improve the foreign investment in China's
rate of profit.This further increases the inflow of foreign capital in China's scale, also
increased the capital account surplus scale in china.
Double surplus on the surface means China is inefficient use of scarce capital, which
is disadvantageous to China's economic growth, however, if taking into account the
labor natural resources cannot be deposited, double surpluses reduces the waste of labor
force resources.Secondly, in the double surpluses in China, labor through dry middle
school, have learned a great deal about the production of knowledge, management skills,
improve the technical level.In third, double surplus shows China's marketization policy
allows a variety of resources especially labor can flow freely in the market, looking for
a better configuration.The above three aspects are the demographic dividend and strong
external demand under the condition of double surplus is conducive to China's
economic growth performance.At this point, double surplus is conducive to China's
economic growth.This is also China's process of growth of economic high speed long