基于个性化推荐的SDN企业合作伙伴选择研究

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摘要

随着经济全球化的迅速发展，生产要素等经济技术资源在全球范围内获得了

自由流动和优化配置，在各国分享着资源最佳配置所带来的收益的同时，也使得

各国的市场受到了不同程度的冲击。在这样的环境下，“将竞争战略向合作战略转

变”和尽量“合作共赢”将被越来越多的人们接受，多功能开放型供需网（Supply

and Demand Network with Multi-functional and Opening Characteristics for Enterprise,

SDN）的概念由此而生。

多功能开放型供需网是指以全球资源获取、全球制造、全球销售为目标，相

关企业之间由于“供需流”的交互作用而形成的一种多功能的、开放式的、供需

动态网络结构。在传统的供应链模式下，涌现出了很多合作伙伴选择和评价的方

法，对供应链企业的合作伙伴选择提供了很好的借鉴意义。SDN 作为一个充分开

放的复杂巨系统，在其供需活动的进行中，会导致海量数据的产生，这些数据不

仅在数量上表现出呈指数级增长，并且数据的更新和变换速度很快，这些新特征

决定了 SDN 合作伙伴的选择将与传统供应链企业有所不同，需要寻找新的适合供

需网特征的方法来进行合作伙伴的选择，从而提高 SDN 企业合作伙伴选择的速度

和效率。

本文首先详细分析了 SDN 企业与传统企业合作模式的不同，得出 SDN 企业

合作伙伴选择与传统企业合作伙伴选择的不同和新的特点；然后把个性化推荐的

思想引入供需网合作伙伴选择中，提出了“SDN 节点企业—待选合作伙伴企业—

合作伙伴的评价指标”的三元关系，构建了基于标签的 SDN 合作伙伴个性化推荐

系统模型，并探讨了个性化推荐的思想在 SDN 合作伙伴选择中的商业价值。其次，

提出了基于标签的 SDN 企业合作伙伴选择模型，并在个性化推荐技术研究的基础

上，分析了标签系统的思想对 SDN 企业合作伙伴选择的作用，提出了用支持向量

机算法对合作伙伴进行分类的方法，并验证了该方法的合理性。最后，以某半导

体制造企业为背景，利用支持向量机算法对合作伙伴做出分类，在分类的基础上

利用交叉验证法、遗传算法和粒子群算法对 SVM 算法中的参数进行优化，并对这

三种方法优化的结果进行比较，找出优化效果最好的参数来构建模型。

本人在对 SDN 企业和传统企业合作伙伴选择方法进行分析的基础上，采用个

性化推荐的思想推进 SDN 企业合作伙伴的选择，使其能够提高合作伙伴选择的准

确度和效率；结合企业的实际背景，采用支持向量机分类算法来建立合作伙伴选

择的模型，并利用交叉验证法、遗传算法和粒子群算法对模型参数进行优化，得

到更优的参数来构建该分类模型。

关键字：SDN 个性化推荐支持向量机遗传算法粒子群算法

ABSTRACT

With the rapid development of economic globalization, the economic and technical

resources such as the production elements flow free and allocate optimizedly in the

global scope, countries from the world share benefits brought by allocating the

resources best, in the meantime, the markets of these countries have shocked in different

degrees. In such environment, “shift the competition strategy to cooperation strategy”

and try to “win-win cooperation” will be accepted by more and more people. The

concept of Supply and Demand Network with Multi-functional and Opening

Characteristics for Enterprise has been created.

It is supply and demand network with multi-functional and opening characteristics

for enterprise that meet different supply and demand requirements through the

integration of related businesses "core competencies", under the interaction of supply

and demand flows, targeted by global resources, global manufacturing and global sales.

It emerged a lot of partner selection and evaluation methods in the traditional supply

chain model. It will produce massive data in the supply and demand activities of SDN

enterprises. These data not only grows in a series level, but also update and change

quickly, which determines the SDN partner selection will be different from the supply

chain enterprise partner selection, need to find new methods for partner selection which

is suitable for the characteristics of supply and demand network, so as to improve the

speed and efficiency of SDN partner selection.

Firstly, differences of SDN and traditional enterprises cooperation patterns are

analyzed, the differences and new features of SDN enterprises partner selection is

proposed. The technology of personalized recommendation is mixed into the SDN

enterprises partner selection, the three ternary relationships of “SDN node enterprise –

partners’ enterprise to choose – partner’s evaluation index” is set up, label-based

partners personalized recommendation system model for SDN is established, and the

commercial value of the personalized recommendation thoughts for SDN partner

selection is discussed. Secondly, based on the study of personalized recommendation

technology, this paper analyzes the label system’s effect for the SDN enterprise partner

selection, the method of using support vector machine to select the SDN enterprise

partner is put forward, and the rationality of this method is verified. Finally, as a

semiconductor manufacturing enterprise as example, the relationship about strong

correlation or weak on of SDN between supply and demand partner will be forecast

using support vector machine algotithm, then cross validation method, genetic

algorithm and particle swarm algorithm are used to optimize the parameters of SVM

algorithm, and the results of these three methods are compared to find out the

parameters which have the best effect, uses these parameters to build the SVM model.

Based on the analysis of selection methods for SDN enterprises and traditional

enterprises, the thought of personalized recommendation is using to propel SDN

enterprises partners selection, which will improve accuracy and efficiency of partner

selection. Combined with enterprise’s actual background, the relationship between

strong-correlated and weak-correlated partners of SDN is predicted using SVM

classification algorithm, and cross validation method, genetic algorithm and particle

swarm algorithm are used to optimize the model parameters, and get better parameters

to build the classification model.

Key Words: SDN, personalized recommendation, Support Vector

Machines (SVM), Genetic Algorithm, Particle Swarm Algorithm

中文摘要

ABSTRACT

第一章绪论 ···················································································································· 1

1.1 论文的研究背景和意义 ························································································ 1

1.2 国内外研究现状 ··································································································· 4

1.2.1 SDN 的研究现状 ··························································································· 4

1.2.2 个性化推荐的研究现状 ·············································································· 7

1.3 论文的研究内容 ··································································································· 9

1.4 论文的研究思路及创新点 ················································································· 10

第二章支持向量机和智能算法相关理论 ·································································· 12

2.1 支持向量机算法的基本理论 ············································································· 12

2.1.1 支持向量机的概念 ····················································································· 12

2.1.3 支持向量机分类 ························································································ 14

2.1.4 支持向量模型的特点 ················································································ 17

2.2 遗传算法和粒子群算法基本理论 ····································································· 17

2.2.1 遗传算法基本理论 ···················································································· 17

2.2.2 粒子群算法基本理论 ················································································ 18

2.2.3 遗传算法与粒子群算法的比较 ································································ 19

第三章 SDN 节点企业合作伙伴选择研究 ·································································· 21

3.1 SDN 节点企业合作伙伴选择方法 ······································································ 21

3.1.1 传统供应链企业合作伙伴的选择方法 ····················································· 21

3.1.2 供需网企业与传统企业合作伙伴选择比较 ·············································· 23

3.1.3 SDN 企业合作伙伴选择的独特性 ······························································ 25

3.1.4 SDN 企业合作伙伴选择分析 ···································································· 28

3.2 基于支持向量机的 SDN 企业合作伙伴选择 ··················································· 31

3.2.1 支持向量机算法用于 SDN 企业合作伙伴选择 ······································· 31

3.2.2 交叉验证法对合作伙伴选择的优化 ·························································· 32

3.2.3 遗传算法和粒子群算法对合作伙伴选择的优化 ······································ 33

第四章基于个性化推荐的 SDN 合作伙伴选择模型 ················································ 36

4.1 用个性化推荐技术推进 SDN 合作伙伴决策 ··················································· 36

4.1.1 个性化推荐技术对数据的智能化处理 ····················································· 36

4.1.2 个性化推荐支持 SDN 合作伙伴选择 ························································· 37

4.1.3 标签系统的思想在 SDN 节点企业合作伙伴选择中的应用研究 ··········· 39

4.1.4 个性化推荐为 SDN 企业带来的价值 ························································· 41

4.2 基于标签系统的 SDN 企业决策模型 ································································· 41

4.2.1 SDN 企业三维结构模型的构建 ·································································· 41

4.2.2 基于标签的 SDN 节点企业合作伙伴选择系统框架 ································· 42

4.2.3 基于标签的 SDN 节点间的协同决策 ························································· 45

第五章基于 SVM 的SDN 合作伙伴选择的实验分析 ············································· 47

5.1 某半导体制造企业的背景资料 ······································································· 47

5.2 实验分析与结果 ································································································· 47

5.2.1 数据的收集与预处理 ················································································· 47

5.2.2 支持向量机算法的实现与分析 ································································· 48

5.2.3 交叉验证法优化分类器参数 ···································································· 49

5.2.4 遗传算法和粒子群算法优化分类器参数 ················································ 51

5.2.5 优化结果的比较和分析 ············································································ 53

第六章总结与展望 ······································································································ 54

6.1 全文工作总结 ···································································································· 54

6.2 进一步研究展望 ································································································ 54

参考文献 ························································································································ 56

在读期间公开发表的论文和承担科研项目及取得成果 ············································ 59

致谢 ································································································································ 60

附录 ································································································································ 61

第一章绪论

1.1 论文的研究背景和意义

随着经济全球化的迅速发展，生产经营活动用到的各种资源在全球范围中得

到了广泛的流通和分配，在各国分享着资源最佳配置所带来的收益的同时，也使

得各国的市场受到了不同程度的冲击。很多不确定的因素涌现出来，市场环境的

瞬息万变、现代科技日新月异的发展、客户需求的个性化和多样化、以及客户对

产品各方面的更高要求，这些都使企业面临着前所未有的挑战。然而企业传统的

管理理念和模式已无法适应快速变化的市场环境，全球资源的自由流动和优化配

置迫使企业进行管理理念方面的转变，供应链内的完全竞争和战略联盟、企业集

群、虚拟企业等模式的内部合作、外部竞争的观念都将被淘汰，企业高层需要对

公司战略进行调整，与人分享和合作的理念将更多的被人们所接受。

在该形势下，徐福缘教授经过深入的研究给出了多功能开放型企业供需网的

概念。多功能开放型企业供需网（Supply and Demand Network with Multi-functional

and Opening Characteristics for Enterprise, SDN）是指以全球资源获取、全球制造、

全球销售为目标，企业之间根据自身的需求关系而形成了一种多功能的、开放式

的、供需动态网络结构[1]。SDN 是适应全球经济一体化时代的一种基于充分合作

与共赢的新的管理理念和模式。

SDN 作为对传统供应链管理模式的一种改进，克服了传统供应链的链状结构、

功能单一和随时可能发生断链的不足，为全球企业的充分合作和共赢创造了有利

的条件，促使资源的全球流通，用开阔的视野，从全球范围寻找更优质更廉价的

原材料，达到物尽其用、人尽其才，生产出可以在全球范围销售的产品和服务，

从而促使全球进出口贸易的发展，以低耗材、低浪费、低污染实现全球经济和谐

稳定的可持续发展。

供需网具有如此多的优势，将促使公司和个人努力推进供需网的形成，以改

善传统供应链所存在的问题。供需网的形成需要一个过程，在 SDN 的IDEF 模型

中，SDN 的构建包括以下五个方面：市场机遇识别，动态合作子网目标的确定，

伙伴核心能力识别、伙伴的选择和优化，组织与运行模式的选择，运行与反馈[1]。

作为供需网构建的一个过程，合作伙伴的选择与优化是 SDN 企业普遍重视的一个

阶段，它决定着 SDN 的构建是否成功。

传统供应链企业在选择合作伙伴时用到了很多种方法，这些方法经过了很多学

者的研究和改进，对供需网企业合作伙伴的选择有很好的指导和借鉴意义。然而

SDN 作为对传统供应链的一种改进形式，在合作伙伴的选择上必将呈现出新的特

点，伴随着信息技术的发展以及供需网开放性的特点，SDN 企业在其正常的工作

基于个性化推荐的 SDN 企业合作伙伴选择研究

和运转过程中会产生海量的数据。在 SDN 网络中，任何一个企业都可以参与进来，

都可以选择合作伙伴，同时也可以被其他企业选择成为候选合作伙伴，这样的数

据不仅在数量上表现出呈指数级增长，并且数据的更新和变换速度很快，这些新

特征决定了 SDN 合作伙伴的选择将与传统供应链合作伙伴的选择有所不同，需要

结合供需网企业的特点寻找不同于供应链企业合作伙伴选择的方法来进行供需网

企业合作伙伴的选择，从性能和速度上改善供需网企业合作伙伴选择的效果。

在供需网理念不断发展和完善的过程中，个性化推荐的技术和理念也在不断

的发展。个性化推荐技术是在这样的一个背景下发展和完善的，随着 Internet 和

Web2.0 的快速发展，信息技术极大的改变着人们的生活方式，为人们的生活带来

了便利，但与此同时，也使得 Web 信息呈级数倍剧增，一方面由于信息的数量巨

大，人们要想找到真正需要的数据往往需要花费更多的时间，或者根本无法找到

需要的数据，另一方面，Web 信息很多，不过很多信息可能一直不会被用户所用

到，导致了“信息超载”、“信息孤岛”现象的发生，如何从这些海量数据中寻找

真正需要的信息是人们非常关注的一个问题。个性化推荐技术的提出和发展为解

决这些问题提供了突破口。

个性化推荐技术的发展是伴随着信息技术的发展而发展的，电子商务的发展

和完善使得人们足不出户可以解决日常生活的各种问题，最突出的是网上购物。

个性化推荐技术的研究使得用户在电子商务网站上的角色发生了转变，隐性地为

电子商务网站提供了了解用户需求的途径。在知识经济时代，谁能发现表层数据

背后隐藏的知识和信息谁就能更好的把握和抓住用户的需求，从而制造和提供满

足用户兴趣爱好的产品，可以更好的把握用户，提高企业拥有的客户数。个性化

推荐技术为电子商务的经营者带来了很丰厚的回报。

作为个性化推荐系统发展到一定阶段的产物，标签系统显现出了其自身的优

点。在标签系统中，把个性化推荐系统中的“用户—项目”二元关系扩展为一个

“用户—资源—标签”的三元关系，用户可以为感兴趣的资源标注“标签”。标签

系统为个性化推荐提供了新的思路，能够提高信息的利用率，更好的把握用户的

需要，为个性化推荐提供新的思路，更好的把握用户的需求，从而提高推荐的准

确率。

信息技术的发展是推进供需网顺利实施的必要方式，随着企业信息化建设的

深入，企业内部系统所产生的数据每十几个月就会增加一倍，然而这些数据真正

的价值却没有完全发挥出来。很多时候，供需合作伙伴的选择是靠以前的经验和

历史合作记录来进行的，这样使得供需网管理信息系统中的大量数据没有被充分

利用，企业在瞬息万变的市场环境下，需要快速而正确的做出选择，而选择的正

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摘要：

摘要随着经济全球化的迅速发展，生产要素等经济技术资源在全球范围内获得了自由流动和优化配置，在各国分享着资源最佳配置所带来的收益的同时，也使得各国的市场受到了不同程度的冲击。在这样的环境下，“将竞争战略向合作战略转变”和尽量“合作共赢”将被越来越多的人们接受，多功能开放型供需网（SupplyandDemandNetworkwithMulti-functionalandOpeningCharacteristicsforEnterprise,SDN）的概念由此而生。多功能开放型供需网是指以全球资源获取、全球制造、全球销售为目标，相关企业之间由于“供需流”的交互作用而形成的一种多功能的、开放式的、供需...

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基于个性化推荐的SDN企业合作伙伴选择研究.pdf

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