社会转型期警察自身权益受侵及其维护问题研究

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3.0 侯斌 2024-11-19 4 4 641.99KB 46 页 15积分

侵权投诉

摘要

当前我国正处于社会转型期，各个社会阶层群体冲突加剧，社会矛盾尖锐，

甚至出现不少暴力对抗现象。公安机关作为社会控制力量，在处理各种利益冲突

时时常被卷入各种矛盾交织的漩涡之中，工作任务繁重却吃力不讨好。目前警察

这一职业的生存状态令人担忧。暴力袭警、恶意投诉、阻挠执法、滥用警力等现

象每天都在上演。这些侵害警察权益的行为不但危害警察人身权益、损害法律权

威和社会稳定，对警察的身心也会造成巨大的伤害，严重挫伤警察的工作积极性。

随着社会的进步，警察权益维护问题越来越受到关注，不但成为公安机关迫切需

要解决的问题，更是成为社会研究热点。

本文以社会整合理论为视角，从实际出发，主要研究社会转型期警察自身权

益受侵的现状、特点、原因及其维护对策等问题，希望能在维护警察权益问题的

综合治理措施的研究上有所突破。本文结合工作实际，尝试从法律法规体系的健

全、管理体制的完善、警察自身素质的提高、保护措施的落实等一系列方面，通

过提高警察的执法水平和自我保护能力，来寻求警察权益保护的途径和机制，提

出对警察权益进行维护和完善的建议。

全文主要内容共分为四部分，具体如下:

第一部分对警察权益维护相关的核心概念进行了界定，论述研究的理论基础。

本章主要结合相关法律,对警察权益的种类和维护内容进行了分析和阐述。

第二部分为实践中民警职务权益和公民权益受侵的现状和存在的问题分析。

本章主要对警察在日常执法中基于职务因素权益履遭侵害的突出情形进行了列举,

并详细分析了警察公民权益遭到侵害的现状和严重性。

第三部分对现阶段警察权益屡受侵害的原因进行了详尽剖析。警察权益被侵

害与我国的社会转型期的大环境是分不开的，既有外部因素，也有内部因素，二

者共同作用才造成了警察权益的严重流失。

第四部分提出了维护我国警察权益的对策建议。针对警察权益受侵的现状，

从法律保护、体制完善、优化外部环境和提高内部素质等方面提出了若干加强警

察权益维护的对策建议，试图建立和谐的社会氛围，规范的执法环境，高素质的

警察队伍来改善警察权益被侵的情况，重塑警察权威。

关键词：警察权益受侵维护

ABSTRACT

At present,social contradictions find expression in acute antagonismsand conflicts,

some even become violent forms of confrontation,during the period of social transition

in our country .As the public security organs of social control power, in the treatment

ofvarious conflicts of interest often embroiled in conflicts among the vortex. Public

security become to the most hard work but complaints,scolded the most departments.

The police has also become the largestpeacetime occupation sacrifice. The current

survival status is the occupationpolice concerns. Violent, malicious complaints,

obstruction of law enforcement, police abuse phenomenon are staged every day. These

violations of police rights acts not only harm the personal rights, damage the legal

authority and the social stability, also can cause great damage to the police's physical

and mental, work seriously dampened the enthusiasm of the police. How to

effectively maintain and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of police has

become a hot topic has been widespread concern in the community, is the public

security organs at all levels of policeto solve a pressing issue.

In this paper, the theory of social integration perspective, starting from the actual

situation, the police, during the invasion of their rights characteristics, causes and

maintenance countermeasures of social transformation, hoping for a break in the study

of comprehensive control measures of maintenance problems of police rights.

Combining with the actual work, try from the laws and regulations system, management

system, the police to improve their own quality, protection measures for the

implementation of a series of law enforcement, improve the level of the police and

self-protection ability, pathway and mechanism for protection of police rights and

interests, the maintenance and improvement suggestions on the rights of the police.

The main content of this paper is divided into four parts, as follows:

The first part is the core concepts related to the police rights were defined,

discusses the theory foundation of the study. This chapter mainly with relevant laws,

types of police rights and interests and maintain content are analyzed and explained.

The second part is the analysis of the practice of police rights and civil rights

invasion situation and existing problems. This chapter focuses on the police in

day-to-day law enforcement duty factor based on outstanding case of rights were

infringed upon are listed, and detailed analysis of the status of the police rights being

infringed and severity.

The third part detailed analysis of reasons for frequent infringement of rights at

the present stage of the police. The police rights infringement in China during the

transitional period of the society and the environment are inseparable, both external

factors, there are internal factors, serious loss of two common function caused the

police rights and interests.

The fourth part puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the

maintenance of the police rights and interests of our country. The police's work is a

comprehensive systems engineering, needs the support of all sectors of society and

care. In view of the current situation of invasion of police rights and interests, from

the legal protection, system improvement, optimize the external environment and

improve the internal quality and put forward countermeasures and suggestions on

Further Strengthening the police rights and interests, trying to build a harmonious

social atmosphere, the standard law enforcement environment, high quality police

force to improve the rights of the police invaded situation, rebuilding the authority of

police.

Key Words：Poliee,Rights, Be infringed,Safeguard.

中文摘要

ABSTRACT

第一章绪论............................................................................................................1

1.1 研究的背景和意义......................................................................................1

1.1.1 研究的背景............................................................................................1

1.1.2 研究的意义............................................................................................1

1.2 研究现状综述................................................................................................2

1.2.1 国外研究现状........................................................................................2

1.2.2 国内研究现状........................................................................................4

1.3 研究内容和方法............................................................................................5

1.3.1 研究内容和框架....................................................................................5

1.3.2 研究方法................................................................................................6

第二章相关概念界定及理论基础..........................................................................8

2.1 核心概念界定................................................................................................8

2.1.1 警察........................................................................................................8

2.1.2 权益........................................................................................................8

2.1.3 警察权益................................................................................................8

2.2 警察权益维护的基础理论..........................................................................12

2.2.1 人权基本理论......................................................................................12

2.2.2 社会秩序理论......................................................................................13

2.2.3 激励理论..............................................................................................13

第三章警察权益受侵的现实状况........................................................................15

3.1 警察的职务权益受侵的现状.......................................................................15

3.1.1 袭警和暴力抗法行为剧增...................................................................15

3.1.2 不实投诉、诬蔑诽谤警察等现象频发...............................................15

3.1.3 阻挠执法，群体围攻事件时有发生...................................................16

3.1.4 警察接受教育培训的权利未能充分实现...........................................16

3.1.5 部分警察的装备和办案经费得不到保证...........................................17

3.2 警察的公民权益受侵的现状.......................................................................17

3.2.1 休息、休假权得不到保障，严重影响警察的健康...........................17

3.2.2 工资职级待遇偏低，医疗和抚恤制度不完善...................................19

3.2.3 警察的心理健康状况令人担忧...........................................................20

第四章警察权益受侵的原因分析..........................................................................21

4.1 警察权益受侵的外部原因.............................................................................21

4.1.1 社会矛盾突出治安形势严峻.................................................................21

4.1.2 缺乏健全有力的法律保障.....................................................................21

4.1.3 警察职能的泛化.....................................................................................22

4.1.4 群众法制意识处于初步提高的“过渡”阶段.....................................23

4.1.5 媒体的不当的导向作用.........................................................................23

4.2 警察权益受侵的内部原因.............................................................................24

4.2.1 警力不足，警力配备与实际工作量差距较大.....................................24

4.2.2 警察自身履职能力不高，业务素质较低.............................................24

4.2.3 警察防护装备欠缺或使用不当，警械武器使用受限.........................24

4.2.4 经费保障缺失，“从优待警”没有落到实处.......................................25

4.2.5 公安机关内部维权机制有所失衡.........................................................25

第五章加强警察权益维护的若干对策..................................................................27

5.1 强化警察权益的法律保护.............................................................................27

5.1.1 立法保护.................................................................................................27

5.1.2 执法保护.................................................................................................28

5.1.3 司法保护.................................................................................................29

5.2 完善公安内部体制建设.................................................................................29

5.2.1 改革警察队伍现有的经费保障体制.....................................................29

5.2.2 改革现有的“条块分割，以块为主”的管理体制.............................30

5.2.3 构建规范有效的警察教育训练体系.....................................................30

5.2.4 加快警察职业化建设，明确职责定位.................................................31

5.3 优化警察权益保护的外部环境.....................................................................31

5.3.1 提高人民群众的法律素质，优化执法环境.........................................31

5.3.2 正确引导社会舆论和社会心理.............................................................33

5.4 增强警察群体自身维护权益能力.................................................................33

5.4.1 成立警察权益维护机构，切实发挥作用.............................................33

5.4.2 提高警察的执法素质，增强自身维权意识.........................................34

5.4.3 加强执法规范化建设，完善和科学化执法程序.................................35

5.4.4 完善从优待警措施，落实警务保障制度.............................................36

第六章结语................................................................................................................39

6.1 全文总结..........................................................................................................39

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摘要：

摘要当前我国正处于社会转型期，各个社会阶层群体冲突加剧，社会矛盾尖锐，甚至出现不少暴力对抗现象。公安机关作为社会控制力量，在处理各种利益冲突时时常被卷入各种矛盾交织的漩涡之中，工作任务繁重却吃力不讨好。目前警察这一职业的生存状态令人担忧。暴力袭警、恶意投诉、阻挠执法、滥用警力等现象每天都在上演。这些侵害警察权益的行为不但危害警察人身权益、损害法律权威和社会稳定，对警察的身心也会造成巨大的伤害，严重挫伤警察的工作积极性。随着社会的进步，警察权益维护问题越来越受到关注，不但成为公安机关迫切需要解决的问题，更是成为社会研究热点。本文以社会整合理论为视角，从实际出发，主要研究社会转型期警察自身权益受侵...

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