基于DEA模型的我国城市气企业规模经济研究

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浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

摘要

规模经济一直是我国企业和产业组织政策追求的目标。对于传统自然垄断产

业来说更是如此，无论从企业的角度还是从改革和监管的角度，规模经济问题都

是极其重要的。目前我国城市燃气产业正处在进一步推进市场化改革的进程中，

燃气企业的规模经济状况成为了深化下一步改革的重要参考原则之一。

本文研究的目的就在于对我国纵向一体化经营的城市燃气企业的规模经济

状况进行全面的研究。本文首先介绍我国城市燃气行业的改革和发展历程，探讨

城市燃气企业规模经济的成因，分析影响我国城市燃气企业规模经济的因素。在

理论分析的基础上，接着运用 DEA 摸型方法测度我国 30 家城市燃气企业的规模

效率状况。结果显示：样本中有 4 家企业位于规模有效前沿面上，其余 26 家中

小型企业均为规模报酬递增。在第二阶段实证研究中，运用 Tobit 删截回归模型

对影响我国城市燃气企业规模效率得分的因素进行回归分析。总体结论是：我国

城市燃气企业存在着普遍的低效率，这反映了我国城市燃气产业在整体上缺乏竞

争和激励。产出密度和企业总资产与企业规模效率呈显著的正相关，企业总资产

与企业规模效率之间的函数曲线并不是向右下方倾斜，而是呈倒 U 型关系，因此，

我国城市燃气企业存在规模经济区间，即适度规模问题。此外，本文还初步估算

了我国城市燃气企业的最优资产规模。

基于样本企业的研究结论得出的改革建议如下；我国特大型城市燃气市场应

该开放市场，横向引入竞争；而对于中小型城市，应该继续维持垄断市场结构，

以获取规模经济效益；建立、完善激励性管制机制。

关键词：规模效率；数据包络分析（DEA）；Tobit 回归；最优资产规模：DEA

标尺竞争

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

ABSTRACT

Economies of scale has been the goal of China's enterprises and of the policy of

industrial organizations,.It is especially true for the traditional natural monopoly

industries, both from a business point of view or from the perspective of reform and

regulation, economies of scale issues are extremely important. At present, China’ city

gas industry is in the process of further promoting the market-oriented reform, the

economies of scale of gas distribution companies has become an important reference

principles for further reform.

The purpose of this study is to conduct a comprehensive study of the economies

of scale of vertical integrated city gas companies in China. First of all,this dissertation

provides a brief review of the reform of China's city gas industry and its development

process, then discusses the causes of economies of scale of the city gas distribution

firms ,.analyses the factors of the economies of scale on the city of gas companies.

Based on theoretical analysis, we use DEA models to measure the efficiency

conditions of the 30 city gas companies . The results showes that: 4 companies in the

sample size are in the efficient frontier surface, the remaining 26 small and medium

enterprises shows an increasing returns to scale. In the second stage ,an empirical

research is to be conducted using Tobit regression model to exploit the effect of the

factors on the scale efficiency scores of the sanmple companies..

The overall conclusion is that there exists general low effiiciency in the city gas

distribution industry in China,, which reflects the lack of competition and of

incentives in China's city gas industry,Estimation results show that output density,

total assets, the square of total assets were significantly and positively related to the

efficiency scores .the function curvre between the assets and scale efficiency is not

that tilt to the right, but inverted U-shaped relationship.Terefore, there exists an

interval of economies of scale, thus moderate scale problems for city gas companies

in China,In addition, this article also inially estimated the optimal assets scale .

Policy recommendations based on conclusions drawn from the emprical study

are as follows: large city should open up its gas distribution market to intruduce

horizontal competition to obtain economies of scale; small and medium sized market

should maintain an exchusive monopoly by a company to obtain economies of scale;

establishs incentive regulation mechanism-DEA-based yardstick competition in

China's city gas industry to encourage gas distribution enterprises to improve scale

efficiencis.

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

III

Key words: scale efficiency; data envelopment analysis (DEA); Tobit regression;

optimal asset size; DEA-baded yardstick competition

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摘要：

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文I摘要规模经济一直是我国企业和产业组织政策追求的目标。对于传统自然垄断产业来说更是如此，无论从企业的角度还是从改革和监管的角度，规模经济问题都是极其重要的。目前我国城市燃气产业正处在进一步推进市场化改革的进程中，燃气企业的规模经济状况成为了深化下一步改革的重要参考原则之一。本文研究的目的就在于对我国纵向一体化经营的城市燃气企业的规模经济状况进行全面的研究。本文首先介绍我国城市燃气行业的改革和发展历程，探讨城市燃气企业规模经济的成因，分析影响我国城市燃气企业规模经济的因素。在理论分析的基础上，接着运用DEA摸型方法测度我国30家城市燃气企业的规模效率状况。结果显示：样本中...

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