基于担保、定价及渠道角度对中小企业贷款问题的研究

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浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

摘要

长期以来，我国的中小企业凭借自身经营灵活、分布广泛、市场灵敏度高等

特点正逐步发展壮大起来，在创造国民生产总值、增长就业、科技创新和产业调

整等经济发展的各个方面都发挥了巨大的作用，俨然成为我国国民经济的重要组

成部分，但是其发展道路并不顺畅，存在很多制约其发展的因素，这也成为阻碍

我国经济发展的障碍，其中融资信贷方面的问题已经受到专家学者的广泛关注；

而我国中小商业银行也是在大型商业银行和民间金融的夹缝中求生存，其发展与

中小企业息息相关，在活跃金融市场，发展地方经济等方面发挥着重要的作用。

所以说无论是对于中小银行的健康发展，还是帮助中小企业与银行建立更完善的

合作体系，都是非常紧迫的课题。

本文分别就贷款担保、贷款定价和贷款渠道三个方面对中小商业银行对中小

企业贷款问题展开研究，这对于指导中小商业银行对中小企业资金服务和渠道关

系的建立在理论有新的意义，研究不同的信息类型因素对贷款渠道方式的运用及

影响程度也对解决中小企业的融资困境有新的理论意义。本文分为五个部分。第

一部分为绪论，介绍了本文研究的背景、相关文献综述及创新之处。第二部分为

中小企业贷款的理论部分，分别就中小企业信用担保理论及国外中小企业信用担

保模式、中小银行贷款定价理论及一般模式和小企业贷款渠道的运作模式展开分

析。第三部分主要介绍了我国中小银行对中小企业贷款发展现状，分别就我国目

前贷款担保、定价及渠道的现状及存在的不足进行分析。第四部分为上市中小企

业贷款渠道的实证分析，以浙江省上市中小企业为样本运用因子分析法和Logistic

回归分析进行实证分析。第五部分为政策建议，分别从共同担保、优化贷款定价

和贷款渠道方式的发展三个方面提出了改进建议。

本文的主要结论是要想解决中小银行对中小企业的贷款问题仅从单一方面着

手是不够的，要同时就担保、定价和渠道三个方面改进银行对中小企业的贷款问

题，只有同时把握三个方面促进银行与企业的共同发展，使之找到适合的发展道

路才能和谐发展稳健发展，本文的实际意义在于不仅可以为我国中小商业银行对

中小企业贷款业务的可持续发展提供现实指导，也可以为中小商业银行与中小企

业之间的担保模式、定价方式和贷款渠道的判别提供实际借鉴，而如何进一步规

范中小银行对中小企业的贷款管理，明确中小企业贷款尽职要求，对于促进中小

商业银行和中小企业的互相促进，具有重要的现实意义。

关键词：中小银行；中小企业；贷款担保；贷款定价；贷款渠道

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

ABSTRACT

In the long term, the small-medium enterprises(SMEs) which are gradually

achieving accelerated growth based on their flexible management, extensive distribution,

high-degree of market sensitivity, contributing significantly to the boost in the Gross

Domestic Product(GDP), employment growth, technological innovation, infrastructure

adjustment and other aspects over economic development, have become the important

component in the domestic economy in our nation. However, its process to development

doesn't go smoothly. Many factors existed to hinder the development of SMEs are also

the obstacles of national economic development. Among them, the issue over financing

credit has been attracted extensive attention by many scholars and experts. In our

country, the small and the medium-sized commercial banks, whose developments are

closely bound up with SMEs, also survive in a fissure between big-sized commercial

banks and private finance. These small-medium banks play significant role in activating

financial market, locating belonged region as well as boosting local economy. Due to

the reasons listed above, it can be said that this study is urgently needed in terms of the

healthy development of small-medium banks as well as the establishment of more

perfect system of cooperation between small-medium enterprises and banks. It is under

this circumstance that this paper does research over the issue of small-medium

commercial banks providing loans to the SMEs.

The study on the issue above can be analyzed from multiple aspects. In this paper,

it is only from loan guarantee, loan pricing and loan technology to analyze, which is

significant in the theory of solving the financing difficulties for small-medium

enterprises by studying different types of information on the application of loan

technology and its impact. This paper is totally divided into five parts. The first part is

the introduction, it introduces the background, the relevant literature review and the

purpose of the study. The second part is the theoretical part of marketing loans, credit

guarantee in respect of theory and foreign SME credit guarantee models, small bank

loan pricing theory and the general pattern and relationship lending sources to analyze

the mode of operation. The third part introduces and analysis the marketing of small and

medium sized banks on the status of loan guarantees, pricing and channel status of the

shortcomings in respect of our country,. The fourth part, which is mainly about the loan

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

III

technology applied by small-medium commercial banks to SMEs, takes the listed

small-medium enterprises in Zhejiang for example to do empirical study by applying

factor analysis and logistic regression analysis. The sixth part is about the policy

proposals. In this last part, the suggestions for improvement are put forward to

fromdiversifying guarantee, optimizing loan policy and developing loan technology

these four aspects.

The main conclusion of this paper is that improving the development of SMEs

and small-medium banks can not depend on developing SMEs or small-medium banks

solely. Only by figuring out the most suitable path to develop in advancing the

development of enterprises and banks simultaneously can they develop harmoniously

and soundly. The actual significance of this paper lies in it providing the actual

reference for the judgment of pricing approach, guarantee mode, product feature and

loan technology offered by small-medium banks for small-medium enterprises and how

to advance the regulations on the loan management of SMEs, how to clarify the

regulations on the loan duties of small business also provide important practical

significance on stimulating the mutual development of small-medium commercial banks

and the SMEs.

Key words: small-medium banks; small-medium enterprises; loan guarantee; loan

pricing; loan promotion

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

第一章绪论............................................................................................................. 1

第一节背景..................................................................................................... 1

第二节文献综述............................................................................................. 2

第三节创新之处............................................................................................. 6

第二章中小企业贷款理论概述............................................................................. 7

第一节中小企业贷款信用担保理论及国外模式分析................................. 7

第二节针对中小企业贷款定价理论及一般模式....................................... 11

第三节中小企业贷款渠道模式分析........................................................... 19

第三章我国中小银行对中小企业贷款发展现状............................................... 22

第一节我国中小企业现有担保模式分析................................................... 22

第二节我国中小商业银行对中小企业贷款定价现状............................... 27

第三节我国中小银行对中小企业贷款渠道模式现状分析....................... 31

第四章浙江省上市中小企业贷款渠道的实证分析........................................... 35

第一节 Logistic回归基本思想...................................................................... 35

第二节基于因子分析法选择指标变量....................................................... 35

第三节模型构建及实证结果解释............................................................... 41

第五章政策建议................................................................................................... 44

第一节建立共同担保贷款模式................................................................... 44

第二节优化贷款定价................................................................................... 44

第三节探讨贷款渠道方式的发展............................................................... 45

参考文献................................................................................................................. 47

附录:发表的论文.................................................................................................... 50

致谢......................................................................................................................... 51

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摘要：

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文I摘要长期以来，我国的中小企业凭借自身经营灵活、分布广泛、市场灵敏度高等特点正逐步发展壮大起来，在创造国民生产总值、增长就业、科技创新和产业调整等经济发展的各个方面都发挥了巨大的作用，俨然成为我国国民经济的重要组成部分，但是其发展道路并不顺畅，存在很多制约其发展的因素，这也成为阻碍我国经济发展的障碍，其中融资信贷方面的问题已经受到专家学者的广泛关注；而我国中小商业银行也是在大型商业银行和民间金融的夹缝中求生存，其发展与中小企业息息相关，在活跃金融市场，发展地方经济等方面发挥着重要的作用。所以说无论是对于中小银行的健康发展，还是帮助中小企业与银行建立更完善的合作体系，都是...

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