基于农业产业升级视角的农地银行发展研究：理论与实证

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浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

III

摘要

随着我国城市化、工业化的发展，城市劳动密集型工业对廉价劳动力的需求

逐渐增加，加上农业生产效益的低下，农民开始大规模向城市转移，导致我国农

村空心化，农业劳动力不足。民间自发的农地流转规模逐渐扩大，由于当前农地

流转的无组织性等原因，产生了巨大的交易成本，阻碍了农业规模化经营的发展，

影响了农业产业结构的优化升级，不利于我国农业现代化的进程。另一方面农业

产业升级也对农地流转中介组织有一定需求，农业产业的升级需要农业的规模化

经营，而规模化经营的实现必须通过农地的大规模流转。在这种背景下，农地银

行的构建对农业规模化经营和农业产业升级极为重要，为进一步发展农地银行奠

定了基础。

在回顾国内外相关研究成果的基础上，本文基于农业产业升级的视角，构建

具有我国特色的农地银行体系，有利于解决当前我国农业生产细碎化、农业产业

结构调整等问题。从理论和实践两方面对农地银行体系进行系统研究，希望本文

对解决我国“三农”问题有一定的帮助，对后续的研究提供思路。本文的主要研

究思路包括以下几个方面：

一是农地银行对农业产业升级的作用机制。研究发现农地银行通过以下机制

促进农业产业升级：农地银行促进了农业规模化经营的发展；农地银行促进了农

业产业化经营的发展；农地银行促进了农业产业结构优化。

二是农地银行的理论分析。首先本文基于制度创新理论分析了农地银行产生

的理论基础。对农地银行产生动力的分析，本文采用了成本收益分析和比较分析

方法，研究发现农地银行设立的总体收益大于成本，是我国农地流转的必经之路，

是农村金融发展的辅助力量。还研究了农地银行创新的过程的三个阶段，即农地

银行形成的的“第一行动集团”；农地银行形成的“第二行动集团”； “第一

行动集团”和 “第二行动集团”的协作努力。紧接着分析了农地产权结构变迁对

农地银行影响。本文认为农地“三权”分离推动了农地银行产生。其次本文基于

交易成本理论分析了农地银行的发展，从信息搜寻成本、谈判成本、契约签订成

本、契约执行成本和监督成本五个方面研究了农地银行发展的优势。

三是农地银行发展的国内外经验与启示。本文总结国内宁夏平罗和台湾地区

以及国外农地银行发展的经验，提出完善农地银行发展的政策建议。

四是我国农地银行体系的构建。分析了农地银行体系构建的重要性，提出了

构建具有中国特色的农地银行体的原则，最后本文构建了系统性的我国农地银行

的框架，为以后农地银行的发展提供理论依据。

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

本文的主要创新在于：丰富和完善了农地银行的理论研究；构建了具有中国

特色的农地银行体系框架。本文的不足主要包括：一是当前农户通过农地银行进

行农地流转的意愿的实证分析不充分；二是缺乏对农地“存贷”价格的分析；三

是缺乏对农地银行的运行绩效分析。所以，对农地银行的研究还需要进一步完善。

关键词：产业升级农地银行制度创新交易成本

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

ABSTRACT

As China's urbanization, industrialization, because of the demand for cheap labor

of labor-intensive industry increasing, and the low profit efficiency of agricultural

production, farmers began to large-scale migrate, which resulted in the hollow of rural

and the short of agricultural labor. The scale of folk spontaneous farmland circulation

gradually expanded, but due to the inorganization of the transfer of farm land has

created enormous transaction costs, affected the optimization and upgrading the

agricultural structure and is conducive to the development of China's agricultural

modernization. On the other hand agricultural industrial upgrading also has needs for

farmland circulation intermediary organization, it needs to accomplish the scaled

operations of agricultural, which must be through large-scale farmland circulation. The

influences induced the generation of "Land Credit Union" in Ningxia Ping Luo , which

laid the groundwork for the future development of the agricultural land bank.

Based on a review of the related research achievements at home and abroad, this

paper constructs the agricultural land bank system from the perspective of agricultural

industrial upgrading, which will help solve the slow development of agriculture and

increase farmer’s income. Both theory and practice study of agricultural land bank

system will help solve three agriculture problems (agriculture, countryside and farmers) ,

and will provide ideas for further research. The main idea of this paper includes the

following aspects:

1. The mechanism of agricultural land bank affecting agricultural industrial

upgrading. The study found that there were three ways: agricultural land bank promotes

the agricultural large-scale operation; agricultural land bank boosts the agriculture

industrial management; agricultural land bank facilitates the agriculture industrial

structure.

2. The theoretical analysis of agricultural land bank. Firstly, the agricultural land

bank has the theoretical basis of institutional change. Secondly, the three stage of

agricultural land bank innovation process, which is "the first action group" of

agricultural land bank; "second action group" of agricultural land bank; the

collaboration of "First Action Group" and the "second Action Group. Thirdly, analyze

the changes in agricultural land ownership structure and its effect on the development of

agricultural land bank. Furthermore, this paper analyzes agricultural land bank

development based on the theory of transaction cost, from five aspects including: the

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

information search cost, negotiation cost, the cost of contract signing, contract cost of

the implementation and supervision costs.

3. The experience and enlightenment of the development of agricultural land bank

at home and abroad. The paper summarizes the development experience of agricultural

land bank of Ningxia Pingluo, Taiwan and foreign in, puts forward advice for sound

development of agricultural land bank in China.

4. The construction of agricultural land bank system with Chinese characteristics.

The paper analyses the importance of agricultural land bank, proposes the fundamental

principles to build with Chinese characteristics, and finally build a systematic

framework for China's agricultural land bank.

The main innovations of this paper are enriching and improving the theory of

agricultural land bank and constructing the framework of the agricultural land bank

system with Chinese characteristics. There still some deficiencies in this paper including:

the empirical analysis of willingness of the farmer transferring farming land through

agricultural land bank is not sufficient; there is the lack of the analysis of agricultural

land "savings and loan" price; there is no analysis of agricultural land bank's operational

performance. So, there still have more researches on the agricultural land bank needed

to be further improved.

Keywords: Industrial upgrading; Agricultural land bank; Institutional innovation;

Transaction cost

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摘要：

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文III摘要随着我国城市化、工业化的发展，城市劳动密集型工业对廉价劳动力的需求逐渐增加，加上农业生产效益的低下，农民开始大规模向城市转移，导致我国农村空心化，农业劳动力不足。民间自发的农地流转规模逐渐扩大，由于当前农地流转的无组织性等原因，产生了巨大的交易成本，阻碍了农业规模化经营的发展，影响了农业产业结构的优化升级，不利于我国农业现代化的进程。另一方面农业产业升级也对农地流转中介组织有一定需求，农业产业的升级需要农业的规模化经营，而规模化经营的实现必须通过农地的大规模流转。在这种背景下，农地银行的构建对农业规模化经营和农业产业升级极为重要，为进一步发展农地银行奠定了基础...

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