浙江非国有经济的发展与其资本自由度的关系研究

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浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

摘要

本文以新古典经济学思想为指导，综合运用制度经济学、发展经济学以及微观

企业理论等相关经济学理论。通过定性分析、定量分析、实证分析、规范分析相

结合的研究方法，采用政府及制度因素、经济因素和金融因素三个方面为测度工

具，以中国改革开放后 30 年为测度时间范畴，通过横向对比和纵向对比，对浙江

非国有经济的发展与其资本自由度的关系进行了比较深入和系统的分析。这套指

数计算体系在借鉴权威研究机构计算方法的同时，结合已有的相关测算方法，并

结合浙江省实际发展情况调整和改进。通过对所得数据及其变动情况分析，得出

以下结论：较高（低）的数值表示较高（低）的企业资本自由化程度，非国有经

济与资本自由度的发展具有互动作用，因此总结和借鉴发达地区的成功经验，不

断探索本质原因，具有重要的理论和现实意义。

第一章介绍了本文主要涉及到的三个概念，即资本、资本自由和资本自由度，

文章的研究背景和选题意义、研究方法和理论基础、文献综述和研究现状。为论

文的展开做铺垫。

第二章测度了浙江非国有经济资本自由度分析之政府及制度因素（1979—现

在），这个方面指数包括三个分项指数：上交的税收占财政收入的比重、管制性

投资占固定资产投资比重（以 1-该项作市场化度）和价格补贴占财政支出比重（以

1-该项作市场化度）。由于对非国有经济发展的相关制度的放松，2001 年以后，

税收收入快速增长，企业上交的税收在政府财政收入中的比重越来越大，成为政

府财政收入的最重要的一部分。后两项指标值图示下降趋势，表明政府对企业的

干预和管制性活动减少，资本自由度提升。同时对每项指标的测度结果有具体的

分析。

第三章是对经济因素的测度，涉及两个分项指标：非国有经济单位职工人数

比重（制造业）和非国有固定资产投资比重。浙江省制造业的非国有经济单位职

工人数比重值从1986年的34.5%逐渐上升到2008年的98%，达到考察时段最高点，

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

说明浙江省的非国有经济单位职工人数比重值不断增长，这一自由值不断攀升。

同时，非国有经济单位职工人数几乎翻了45倍，也充分说明了非国有企业为浙江

省社会就业做出的贡献相当之大。非国有固定资产投资比重指标值的变化范围不

是特别大，但总体呈上升趋势。

第四章是对金融因素的测度，包括非国有企业贷款比重、金融机构年末存款

余额和金融机构年末贷款余额。金融机构年末存款余额和金融机构贷款余额呈现

逐渐增加趋势，但是非国有企业贷款比值越来越小，可见，在非国有企业发展过

程中，金融资本自由度没有同步发展，金融因素是最直接限制非国有经济发展的

瓶颈。

文章结尾对以上分析结果的总结和反思，即为什么资本自由可以促进经济增

长（结论横向对比、总结分析），以及浙江非国有经济自由尚存障碍分析，结合

国外关于“自由度”的规定与其国家经济发展情况，分析制约浙江非国有经济资

本自由化的主要原因，依据几个重要因素，提出相关对策建议。

通过以上研究分析，可以得出以下几点结论：政府及制度因素指标的测度结

果；经济因素的测度结果分析；金融因素的测度结论。三方面指数的分析显示：

资本自由度越高，非国有经济发展越快，非国有经济的发展又促进资本自由化，

两者有正向变动的互动关系。论文有两点创新性结论：结论一：浙江投资于非国

有经济方面有一定的基础，且投资愿望强烈于其他地方，这也是推动资本自由发

展的先天性因素，另一方面也说明了在浙江省发展非国有经济是历史演变和选择

的结果；结论二：不同于樊纲等的结论，他们是将非正式融资考虑在内，所以他

的结论是非国有企业融资比重越来越大，高达 80%以上（金融因素指标之一），而

文中在排除此项因素后，分析结果和前者不同。这两点是论文创新性结论。

关键词：浙江；资本；非国有经济；资本自由度

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

III

ABSTRACT

The paper is guided by the ideological of new classical economics; comprehen-

sively using related economics theories such as institutional economics, development

economics and microscopic theory of enterprise. The development of Zhejiang province

Non-state economy and its capital freedom degree relationship are deeply and

systematically analyzed according to the combination of qualitative analysis,

quantitative analysis，empirical analysis and normative analysis；using the measured

tools of government，

institutional factors，

economic factors and economic factors，

based

on the measured time category of the thirty years after china ' s reform and opening；

lateral correlation and longitudinal comparison.The calculation system of index uses for

reference of the counting methods of authoritative research institutions and bonding

existing other related measuring and calculating method；adjusted and improved by the

actual development situation of Zhejiang province. Through the analysis of all data and

their change situation，the followed conclusions can be obtained: higher（lower）

numerical expresses higher （lower ）of ecapital liberalization degree of enterprise.

Non-state-owned economy has the interactive effect with the capital freedom. So

summarizaing and referencing the successful experiences of developed areas，

constantly

exploring the essential reason have importance theoretical and practical significance.

The first chapter introduces three concepts mainly involved of this paper, those are

capital, capital freedom and capital freedom degree; research background and selected

topic significance of the paper, research methods and theoretical basis, literature review

and research status; which bedding the expansion of the paper.

The second chapter measures the capital freedom degree analysis of Zhejiang

province Non-state economy and institutional factors (from 1979 to present). This

aspect index includes partial indexes：handed in tax accounting for the proportion of

financial revenue，controlled investment accounting for the investment proportion of

fixed assets and price subsidy accounting for the proportion of expenditure. Because

of the relaxation of non-state economy development relevant system, since 2001, tax

revenue grows rapidly; the proportion of enterprised handed in tax accounting for

governmental financial revenue is larger and larger, which becomes the most

importance section of governmental financial revenue. The last two terms appear

downward trend, which shows that interventional and controlled activities decrease

from government to enterprises , capital freedom degree promotes. Meanwhile test

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

results of every index have the concrete analysis.

The third chapter is the measurement of economic factors, which involves in two

classification index: the number proportion of non-state-owned economy units

employee and investment proportion of non-state-owned fixed assets. Zhejiang province

Non-state economy units employee number proportion of manufacturing industry

increases from 34.5% of 1986 to 98% of 2008，which reaches the highest point of

investigated period and explains that employee number proportion of Zhejiang province

non-state-owned economy units increases constantly, the free value constantly rises

leading. Simultaneously, employee number of non-state-owned economy units increases

nearly 45 times ，which speaks volumes for non-state-owned economy greatly

contribution of Zhejiang province social employment. The investment proportion index

value variation range of non-state-owned fixed assets is little and total shows increasing

trend.

The fourth chapter is the measurement of financial factors, which includes loan

proportion, the end financial institutions balance deposit and loan balance of

non-state-owned enterprises. The end financial institutions balance deposit and loan

balance appears the trend gradual increase. But non-state-owned enterprises loan ratio

becomes smaller. So that in the course of development of non-state-owned enterprises,

financial capital freedom degree doesn’t develop synchronously. Financial factors is the

most directly restriction to the development non-state-owned economy.

The ending of this paper is the sum up and reconsider of the analysis results above,

that is why free capital can improve the growth of promoting economic and the free

development of Zhejiang province Non-state economy exists disorder. Combining with

the foreign regulations about freedom and the development of their national economic,

it is analyzed the main causes of Zhejiang province Non-state economy freedom.

Countermeasures and suggestions are provided according to the several importance

factors.

Based on the research and analysis above, the following conclusions can be

obtained below: the measurement results of government and system factor index,

economic factors of measurement results analysis, measurement conclusions of

financial factors. The analysis of three aspects index appears that the higher of

economy freedom , the faster of non-state economy development; the development

of non-state economy can also promote the freedom of economy; the both exist

interaction of positive variation. There are two innovative conclusions in this paper.

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摘要：

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文I摘要本文以新古典经济学思想为指导，综合运用制度经济学、发展经济学以及微观企业理论等相关经济学理论。通过定性分析、定量分析、实证分析、规范分析相结合的研究方法，采用政府及制度因素、经济因素和金融因素三个方面为测度工具，以中国改革开放后30年为测度时间范畴，通过横向对比和纵向对比，对浙江非国有经济的发展与其资本自由度的关系进行了比较深入和系统的分析。这套指数计算体系在借鉴权威研究机构计算方法的同时，结合已有的相关测算方法，并结合浙江省实际发展情况调整和改进。通过对所得数据及其变动情况分析，得出以下结论：较高（低）的数值表示较高（低）的企业资本自由化程度，非国有经济与资本自...

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