公园湖泊水质监测及复合式BAF工艺处理富营养化湖水的试验研究

VIP免费
3.0 牛悦 2024-11-11 4 4 7.12MB 91 页 15积分
侵权投诉
公园湖泊不仅是人们休闲娱乐的重要场所,也是城市景观多样性及水生态
系统成部年来会经伐的,城
量逐步增多,湖泊水体污染及富营养化趋势日益突出,已严重影响到人们的生
活质了解及富状和高效经济的水
处理高人量以泊的具有
本文选取了上海市 12 个公园中 13 个典型湖泊水域作为研究对象,通过对
各湖泊的监测结果,分析了湖泊水质指标的时空变化规律及水体污染特征,并
采用改进的综合水质标识指数法对各湖泊进行了水质污染状况评价以及采用富
况 ,
评价A/O 复合式曝气生物滤池工艺对富营养化公园湖水进行了试验
研究论如
公园污染度、总磷氮、氨氮绿素 a规律
较一公园污染均大园湖月份
幅度磷可是天风公公园
主要,天长风绿a与氨相关
改进的综合水质标识指数法运用于公园湖泊水质污染的评价结果表明,金
~Ⅳ 类,其余公园湖泊水质多处于Ⅴ类或劣Ⅴ类水平,
其中湖泊严重,监质均黑臭
夏秋两季公园湖泊污染普遍较春冬两季严重。公园湖泊主要污染因子为 COD
TN营养果表金桥公园和人民公园湖泊水体在监测期间均为中
象 ,
公园富营最多
曝气的实果表当曝物滤A/O 1:1.08
水力负荷为 1.1 m3/m2h、气水比为 2.5:1 时,曝气生物滤池对 COD NH4+-
NTN TP 、浊度的平均去除率分别达到
62.6%96.02%46.1%45.7%91.84%出水 CODNH4+-N 到达Ⅳ类
水标准。出水增加COD氮、度的响不,总
的去除率有所降低总氮去除率显著,在回流比为 1:1、进水总氮浓度在
4.56 mg/L6.31mg/L , 出氮浓2mg/L 下,
水标满足景观水体要且平去除64.66%
质评 A/O 复合BAF
ABSTRACT
Park lakes are not only an important place for people to have entertainment
activities but also an important constituent of the city landscape diversity and water
ecological system. In recent years, with the social-economic development, the number
of city parks gradually increasing, pollution and eutrophication trend of the lake water
has become increasingly prominent and seriously affected people's life quality. To keep
know about the water pollution and eutrophication status and develop the high efficient,
I
practical, economical, reasonable water treatment process is of great significance to
improve the people's quality life as well as the pollution prevention of the park lake.
13 typical lakes water of the 12 parks in Shanghai were selected as the objects of
study, analysed the space time variety rule of the different quality indicators of the lake
water and water pollution characteristics by the monitoring results for each lake. The
improved comprehensive water quality identification index method has been used to
evaluated the water pollution situation for each lake and the comprehensive
eutropHication identification index method has been used to assess the eutropHication
status for the various lakes. A/O compound BAF process has been used on the
experimental study for the eutropHication water of the lake park based on the analysis
of the water quality characteristics and eutropHication evaluation, the main conclusions
are as follows:
The change rule of the various pollution indicators about turbidity, total
pHospHorus, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, chlorophyll a concentration is a more
consistent, the concentration of the pollution indicators of the Quyang park lake was
greater than other park lakes and the rangeability of the concentration varied
significantly in different months. Nitrogen, pHospHorus probably were the main
influence factors made the Tianshan Park, Changfeng Park and Songnan greater Park
lake eutropHia. Significantly positive correlation was found between chlorophyll a
concentration and ammonia nitrogen in Tianshan Park and Changfeng Park lakes.
The improved comprehensive water quality identification index method was used
in the evaluation of the park lake water pollution, the results showed that jinqiao park
lake water quality was the best, the water quality were in class and class
level.most of the other park lakes’ water quality were in class or inferior class
level. Quyang park lake was the most highly contaminated, the water quality was in
inferior class level and sometimes black-odor pHenomenon occurred during the
monitoring period. The pollution of the park lakes in summer and autumn was generally
more serious than spring and winter, the water quality management should be
strengthen. The main pollution factors of the park lakes were COD and TN. The
eutropHication assessment results showed that only Jinqiao Park and People's Park lake
water were in mesotropHic category during the monitoring period, there were different
degrees eutropHication in different months in the other park lakes, most of the
eutropHication pHenomenon of the park lakes appeared in summer.
BAF experimental results showed that: when the A/O volume ratio of the BAF was
in 1:1.08, hydraulic loading was in 1.1 m3/m2h, and the gas-water ratio was in 2.5:1,
BAF for the average removal rate of CODNH4+-NTNTPturbidity reached 62.6%,
96.02%, 46.1%, 45.7%, 91.84%, respectively. The concentration of effluent
CODNH4+-N could reach class water standard. Increasing the effluent reflux ratio
of the BAF has little impact for the removal rate of COD, ammonia, turbidity, the
removal rate of TP decreased, but the removal rate of TN increased significantly, when
the reflux ratio was 1:1, the total nitrogen concentration of influent water between
4.56mg/L~6.31 mg/L, the total nitrogen concentration of effluent water was maintained
II
at less than 2mg/L, reaching class water standard, meeting the general landscape
water requirements and the average removal rate reached 64.66%.
Key word: Park lakeWater quality
assessmentEutropHicationA/O compound BAF
目录
ABSTRACT
......................................................................................................................1
1.1 公园湖泊能与特..............................................................................................1
1.1.1
公园湖泊的
...............................................................................................1
1.1.2
公园湖泊的特
...............................................................................................1
1.2 湖泊水体富营养化..................................................................................................2
1.2.1
水体富营养化的概念
.......................................................................................2
1.2.2
湖泊水体富营养化的影响因素
.......................................................................3
1.2.3
水体富营养化的危害
.......................................................................................3
1.2.4
湖泊富营养化现状
...........................................................................................4
1.3 综合水质评价法和富营养化评价法研究进展..............................................6
1.3.1
综合水质评价法研究进展
...........................................................................6
1.3.2
富营养化评价法研究进展
...........................................................................7
1.3.3
国内外湖泊水体水质控制技术研究现状与发展趋势
...................................8
1.3.4
富营养化水体水质控制技术发展趋势
.........................................................10
1.4 曝气生物滤池技术概述........................................................................................11
1.4.1
曝气生物滤池的
.....................................................................................11
1.4.2
曝气生物滤池的工作理和工艺特
.........................................................11
1.4.3
曝气生物滤池工艺
.................................................................................11
1.4.4
曝气生物滤池研究现状
.................................................................................12
1.4.5
曝气生物滤池应用于富营养化水体存在的问题及发展趋势
.....................14
1.5 课题研究景、研究的及研究内容................................................................15
III
1.5.1
研究
.........................................................................................................15
1.5.2
研究
.........................................................................................................15
1.5.3
研究内容及意义
.............................................................................................16
第二章 公园湖水污染监测分析....................................................................................18
2.1 调查对象和调查时间............................................................................................18
2.2 水样采和监测分析....................................................................................20
2.3 公园湖泊水质指标时空变化规律及水体污染特征分析....................................22
2.3.1
各公园湖水
pH
的时空变化规律及特征分析
...............................................22
2.3.2
各公园湖水
DO
的时空变化规律及水体污染特征分析
..............................23
2.3.3
各公园湖水明度的时空变化规律及水体污染特征分析
.........................24
2.3.4
各公园湖水浊度的时空变化规律及水体污染特征分析
.............................25
2.3.5
各公园湖水电导率的时空变化规律及水体污染特征分析
.........................26
2.3.6
各公园湖水高锰酸盐指数的时空变化规律及水体污染特征分析
.............26
2.3.7
各公园湖水化学需氧量的时空变化规律及水体污染特征分析
.................27
2.3.8
各公园湖水总氮的时空变化规律及水体污染特征分析
.............................28
2.3.9
各公园湖水氨氮的时空变化规律及水体污染特征分析
.............................29
2.3.10
各公园湖水总磷的时空变化规律及水体污染特征分析
...........................30
2.3.11
各公园湖水叶绿素
a
的时空变化规律及水体污染特征分析
....................31
2.3.12
各公园湖水氮磷比的时空变化规律分析
...................................................32
2.4 公园湖泊水体各指标间的相关关系分析........................................................33
2.5 章小................................................................................................................37
第三章 公园湖泊水质污染及富营养化综合评价........................................................38
3.1 公园湖泊水质污染状况综合评价与分析............................................................38
3.1.1
水质污染状况评价
.................................................................................38
3.1.2
公园湖泊改进综合指数法评价结果
............................................40
3.1.3
公园水质评价间变
...................................44
3.1.4
公园湖泊水体水质污染特征及等级状况
.....................................................45
3.1.5
综合水质污染评价法的对比分析
.............................................................46
3.2 公园湖泊水体富营养化评价与分析....................................................................47
3.2.1
富营养化综合标识指数
.................................................................................47
3.2.2
公园湖泊富营养化综合标识指数法评价结果
.............................................48
3.2.3
公园湖泊营养类别随时间变化规律
.............................................................50
3.3 湖泊及富..........................................................51
3.4 湖泊及富..........................................................52
3.5 ...............................................................................................................53
第四章 A/O 复合式 BAF 工艺化富营养化公园湖水的试验研究...........................54
4.1 实验装置系统及工艺流程....................................................................................55
4.1.1
实验装置系统
.................................................................................................55
4.1.2
工艺流程
.........................................................................................................55
4.2 实验材料与实验............................................................................................55
4.2.1
实验用水
.........................................................................................................55
4.2.2
填料
.........................................................................................................56
IV
4.2.3
分析
.........................................................................................................58
4.3 实验内容................................................................................................................58
4.4 曝气生物滤池的挂膜启动................................................................................58
4.5 曝气生物滤池处理公园湖水性能研究................................................................60
4.5.1
不同曝气位置对污染物去除效果的影响
.....................................................60
4.5.2
水力负荷对曝气生物滤池处理性能的影响
.................................................63
4.5.3
气水比对曝气生物滤池工作特性的影响
.....................................................65
4.5.4
不同程度富营养化水体对曝气生物滤池处理效能的影响
.........................67
4.6 试验确定曝气生物滤池最工况及效能....................................................70
4.6.1
试验确定曝气生物滤池最工况
.........................................................70
4.6.2
曝气生物滤池最工况下运行效能
.............................................................72
4.7 曝气生物滤池污染物沿程去除规律....................................................................73
4.7.1
PH
沿高度变化规律
..............................................................73
4.7.2 COD
、浊度和总磷沿高度变化规律
.....................................................74
4.7.3
氮化合物沿高度变化规律
.................................................................75
4.8 回流比对曝气生物滤池性能的影响....................................................................76
4.9 曝气生物滤池的反冲洗........................................................................................78
4.9.1
冲洗方式的确定
.........................................................................................78
4.9.2
冲洗周期和度的确定
.............................................................................79
4.9.3
冲洗对曝气生物滤池处理效能的影响
.....................................................79
4.10 章小..............................................................................................................81
第五章 结论与展.......................................................................................................82
5.1 结论........................................................................................................................82
5.2 建议............................................................................................................84
附录.................................................................................................................................85
参考.........................................................................................................................86
V
第一章 绪论
1.1 公园湖泊能与特
1.1.1 公园湖泊的
公园是一一个城市人民生活水平和文重要体现,公园湖
作为公园的组成部分,其作用和能多多样,主要体现在景观娱乐、调蓄洪涝
环境减少噪音节气化城市和改城市生态环境等方面其主要
有如下几点1公园湖泊是城市人民休闲娱乐、自然健身的重要场
所,民生城市[1-2]2)清
湖泊成为公园中,是城市景观多样性重要组成部分3湖水的
效应,是城市避暑胜地;(4公园湖泊周围鸟
类可生存繁衍,是城市多样性存在的、城市生重要组成部分
感觉[3-4]5园湖
等;(6部分景观资源丰富及特征突出的湖泊可作为旅游渡假的风景
,具有大的社会经济效益。
1.1.2 公园湖泊的特
随着城市经济及社会的发展,人民生活水平的提高,为民提
闲、娱乐、锻炼的多能场所,城公园逐步增多,其中景观湖泊是其重要组成部
分,人工湖泊多。是公园湖泊大的特这种自身的特来的
污染物的增加以及周围自然环境和人为因素的影响极易湖泊的水化以
富营养化。
1水体流
公园湖泊水体多为封闭水体,一状态类水体能
繁殖生长条件,并且污染物降解缓慢。水体的增加水体中的
,为其他生物生存条件,进一步增加水体力,
水生态系统, 流水不 明了水体流的重要性,和低浓度
氧导致水力大大降低,夏季适宜生长条件下,水体富营养化
现象有发生。
2生态系统不完善
公园湖泊水体有曲缓急水力条件使得水生生物
栖息之地生物链从产者至分解节节受阻成一个健全的、完整
水生态系统。
3)设计不合理
公园湖泊不大,水环境容不能成有效的重力
流、风致流,并且水体循环条件及流滞留时间长,致水体自净能力
公园湖泊设计的不科学使湖泊出现死角往往的水呈静态且相对
,水质极易恶[5]污染物易沉积在死角形底泥底泥会随时间不断增
污染个湖泊,如果湖泊多,其水质快。方面,湖
多为水石块等材料护岸景观度上,与周围树林草坪等风景
为不协调;从生态和治水度上,水生生物多样性低 使水体自净能力大大
1
摘要:

摘要公园湖泊不仅是人们休闲娱乐的重要场所,也是城市景观多样性及水生态系统的重要组成部分。近年来,随着社会经济发展步伐的不断加快,城市公园数量逐步增多,湖泊水体污染及富营养化趋势日益突出,已严重影响到人们的生活质量,及时了解水体污染及富营养化现状和研究开发高效实用、经济合理的水处理工艺对提高人们生活质量以及公园湖泊的污染防治具有重要意义。本文选取了上海市12个公园中13个典型湖泊水域作为研究对象,通过对各湖泊的监测结果,分析了湖泊水质指标的时空变化规律及水体污染特征,并采用改进的综合水质标识指数法对各湖泊进行了水质污染状况评价以及采用富营养化综合标识指数法评价了各湖泊的富营养状况,基于水质特征及...

展开>> 收起<<
公园湖泊水质监测及复合式BAF工艺处理富营养化湖水的试验研究.doc

共91页,预览10页

还剩页未读, 继续阅读

作者:牛悦 分类:高等教育资料 价格:15积分 属性:91 页 大小:7.12MB 格式:DOC 时间:2024-11-11

开通VIP享超值会员特权

  • 多端同步记录
  • 高速下载文档
  • 免费文档工具
  • 分享文档赚钱
  • 每日登录抽奖
  • 优质衍生服务
/ 91
客服
关注