基于循环经济视角下的区域产业结构优化——以环鄱阳湖城市群为例

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摘要

随着我国工业化和城市化进程的推进，我国正步入产业结构转型的关键时刻，

各区域政府也争相把握这个时代更替的机会，高度重视产业结构调整的问题。在

社会不断进步和人们对自然科学深入了解的当今，产业结构优化面对重新调整的

需求，传统的产业结构优化一般是指推动产业结构合理化和产业结构高度化发展

的过程，本文从现代社会关注的热点——循环经济的视角下分析区域产业结构的

优化，给产业结构优化建立一个更加符合当代发展需求的评价体系。于是引入了

一个全新的产业结构可持续化评价指标体系用来分析一个地区产业结构的可持续

发展能力，结合产业结构优化的理论体系和影响因素，通过可行性和关联性的筛

选，最终建立了一个总共 3个目标层、6个分目标层、28 个指标层的综合产业结

构优化指标体系，对产业结构优化体系提出了新的见解。

本文实证部分以产业结构优化为研究目标，始终围绕循环经济的理念，分析

长江中游三大城市群的循环经济发展对产业结构优化的影响，并利用建立的指标

体系对三地的核心城市的评价指标进行数据处理，然后利用改进的功效系数法给

各项指标进行评分，再通过 AHP 层次分析法给每个分层次赋予权重，计算出综合

得分和各目标层的得分，直观的呈现出三地产业结构优化的差距，通过对比分析，

得到环鄱阳湖生态城市群在产业结构高度化和合理化方面分别明显落后于武汉城

市群和长株潭城市群，但是在产业结构的可持续化角度，环鄱阳湖城市群仍具有

一定优势。从而针对环鄱阳湖城市群存在的问题和现有的优势，提出相应的区域

产业结构优化政策建议。

关键词：产业结构优化循环经济可持续化环鄱阳湖城市群

ABSTRACT

With the progress of industrialization and urbanization, our nation is stepping into

a key position of industry structure transition. Regional governments pay great attention

to the issue of industry structure transition, and are competing to seize this opportunity.

As society progress and people learn more about natural science today, industry

structure optimization faces new requirements during the new era. Traditional industry

structure optimization normally refers to the rationalization and development of

industry structure. This article offers a view from the hot topic of modern society -

cyclic economy to analyze regional industry structure optimization, and provide a

performance evaluation system that fits better for current economic development. A

brand new industry structure sustainability performance evaluation system is introduced

in this article to analyze the sustainable development ability of a region. Combining the

theoretical system of industry structure optimization and influencing factors, and by

screening feasibility and correlation, this article eventually established an integrated

industry optimization evaluation system that includes 3 target segments, 6 sub target

segments and 28 indication segments, as well as a new perspective for industry structure

optimization.

The empirical part of this article is to research industry structure optimization. It

also focused on Cyclic Economy and analyzing cyclic economy’s influence over

industry structure optimization of 3 major city clusters in the Middle and lower reaches

of Yangtze River. Index was also established to analyze the three core cities’ evaluation

through data, and calculate overall points and points for each segment. It presents

clearly the differences if industry structure optimization among three regions. Through

comparison analysis, the rationalization and development of industry structure

optimization in Poyang lake rim city clusters lag behind Wuhan city cluster and

Chang-zhu-tan city cluster greatly. However in terms of sustainable development,

Poyang lake rim city clusters still show advantage. Recommendation on the policies for

Regional industry optimization are proposed to address the problems and advantages of

Poyang lake urban agglomeration.

Key Words: Industry Structure Optimization, Cyclic Economy

Sustainable, Industry Structure Development, Poyang Lake Urban

Agglomeration

中文摘要

ABSTRACT

第一章绪论 ·················································································································· 1

1.1 论文选题背景和意义 ··················································································· 1

1.2 国内外产业结构研究现状 ··········································································· 2

1.2.1 国外产业结构理论的形成与发展 ···················································· 2

1.2.2 国内产业结构的研究状况 ································································ 4

1.3 循环经济理论国内外研究 ··········································································· 6

1.3.1 循环经济的产生和发展 ···································································· 6

1.3.2 国内循环经济理论的研究 ································································ 7

1.3.3 基于循环经济视角下的产业结构优化研究 ···································· 7

1.4 本文的研究思路和结构框架 ······································································· 8

1.4.1 研究思路 ···························································································· 8

1.4.2 结构框架 ···························································································· 8

1.5 本文的创新点 ······························································································· 8

第二章基于循环经济的区域产业结构优化的一般理论分析 ·································· 10

2.1 传统的区域产业结构优化 ········································································· 10

2.2 区域产业结构优化影响因素 ····································································· 10

2.2.1 供给因素 ·························································································· 10

2.2.2 需求因素 ··························································································· 11

2.2.3 系统环境 ··························································································· 11

2.2.4 创新体制 ·························································································· 12

2.3 循环经济的概念和基于循环经济的产业结构优化理论 ························· 12

2.3.1 循环经济的概念和理论基础 ·························································· 12

2.3.2 基于循环经济的产业结构理论 ······················································ 13

2.4 基于循环经济的区域产业结构优化的基本特征 ····································· 13

第三章循环经济视角下区域产业结构优化评价指标体系 ······································ 15

3.1 区域产业结构高度化 ················································································· 15

3.1.1 产业结构高度化概念及衡量标准 ·················································· 15

3.1.2 产业结构高度化评价指标 ······························································ 15

3.1.3 产业结构高度化评价指标体系框架图 ·········································· 18

3.2 产业结构合理化 ························································································· 18

3.2.1 产业结构合理化概念 ······································································ 18

3.2.2 产业结构合理化标志 ······································································ 19

3.2.3 产业结构合理化评价指标体系建立 ·············································· 20

3.2.4 产业结构合理化评价指标体系框架图 ·········································· 21

3.3 产业结构可持续化 ····················································································· 21

3.3.1 产业结构可持续化指标构建原则 ·················································· 21

3.3.2 产业结构可持续化评价指标体系框架 ·········································· 23

3.3.3 产业结构可持续化评价指标体系框架图 ······································ 27

3.4 本章结论 ···································································································· 28

第四章实证分析——长江中游三大经济圈的产业结构优化比较 ·························· 29

4.1 区域产业结构优化实证研究 ····································································· 29

4.1.1 实证对象的选择 ·············································································· 29

4.1.2 实证分析评价体系框架的构建 ······················································ 30

4.2 评价指标体系评分规则和综合评分结果 ················································· 32

4.2.1 确立指标体系的评分规则 ······························································ 32

4.2.2 基于循环经济下产业结构优化评价指标体系综合评分结果 ······ 33

4.3 指标权重的赋予 ························································································· 33

4.3.1 层次分析法介绍 ·············································································· 33

4.3.2 本文实证分析中层次分析法的运用 ············································ 36

4.3.3 对研究区域的区域产业结构优化综合评分 ································ 37

4.3.4 各区域产业结构综合评分分析 ···················································· 38

4.4 本章总结 ···································································································· 39

第五章环鄱阳湖城市群的产业结构优化对策 ·························································· 41

5.1 发展区位优势，打造区域特色，加强区际间相互合作与对接 ············ 41

5.2 明确城市定位，发展比较优势产业 ························································ 42

5.3 推进土地集约化，提高土地利用效率 ···················································· 42

5.4 发展静脉产业，体现循环经济原则 ························································ 44

结束语 ···························································································································· 45

参考文献 ························································································································ 46

在读期间公开发表的论文和承担科研项目及取得成果 ············································ 49

致谢 ······························································································································ 50

第一章绪论

当今社会的发展已经离不开产业的更替以及优化，两次工业革命使西方国家

率先进入资本主义，列入了强国的队伍，工业革命所带动的产业升级扭转了世界

的两极。可见，产业的革命是带动经济发展的一个车轮，一个国家的强大也与其

产业的先进性息息相关，通过产业结构上的转变促进经济的发展也已成为一个共

识。然而，自第一次工业革命以来，每一次产业结构理论的提出都反映了当时的

时代主流，人们虽然享受了产业结构转变带来的好处，但是也认识到了一味追求

工业化带来的后果。二十世纪三四十年代，发达国家以财富的增长的主要目标发

展本国经济，以高开采、低利用、高排放的“两高一低”的传统线性经济模式发

展，在人们刚刚尝到初期带来的甜头的时候，环境与资源对经济发展直接的矛盾

就日益深化，比如纽约的“光化学烟雾污染”，日本的“水俣病事件”和“四日市

哮喘病事件”与之后的能源紧缺，石油替代黄金成为各国争相储备的国家财富等

等。这些都是不可持续的经济发展方式带来的副作用。可见在产业结构理论的初

期，经济学家的产业结构理论忽视了传统的产业政策和经济发展过程中的越来越

明显的负的外部性。为了让这些隐藏的负外部性更加直观的体现在我们的产业结

构理论中，我们需要对产业结构优化评价理论进行一些结构性的修正，于是本文

引出基于循环经济视角下的区域产业结构优化模型来针对现在迫切需求的可持续

发展理论的要义突出产业结构优化的在可持续发展道路上的新认识。如今，可持

续发展是时代的主流，各个国家、地区不能不正视“直线型发展”的缺陷，追求

经济、社会和环境的协调发展才是我们的最终目标，尤其对于我国，走的是新型

的工业化的道路，绝不能重复西方国家的老路，如以原有的产业结构优化理论来

衡量我国的新型工业化成就，显然是不合适的。我国又提出了建设“节约型社会”，

走循环经济的新路，是看到了只有走可持续发展的道路才算的上是真正的产业结

构优化。

1.1 论文选题背景和意义

20 世纪 70 年代初，围绕着"增长极限论"展开的一场争论，导致了一种新的经

济发展理论——可持续发展论。提出由资源型经济过渡为技术型经济，综合考虑

经济、资源与环境，社会、人口增长等因素的改变，彻底转变以往的单纯追求经

济增长而忽视生态环境保护的传统发展模式。因此在评价产业结构优化时必须考

虑自然资源禀赋和环境保护的约束，必须考虑到产业结构在可持续发展中的作用。

传统的产业结构优化理论都是从产业结构的高度化和合理化两个方面分析，本文

从可持续发展战略的角度，在循环经济的视角下，分析产业结构的优化，给产业

结构的优化建立一个更加符合当今发展需求的评价体系。于是引入了产业结构可

上海理工大学硕士学位论文

持续化指标作为评价一个地区产业结构的可持续性，并根据产业结构优化的需求

因素和表现机制改进了产业结构高度化和合理化的评价指标体系。

本文基于循环经济的新视角下，以长江中游城市群为研究范围，对环鄱阳湖

城市群省的区域产业结构提出新的要求、建立了新的评价体系，并且通过实证分

析了解长江中游三大城市群的产业结构差异性。给予区域产业结构调整的决策者

提供一些建议。鄱阳湖城市群区域是我国重要的生态功能保护区，经济发达，鄱

阳湖生态城市群还是长江三角洲、珠江三角洲、海峡西岸经济区等重要经济板块

的腹地，是中部地区正在加速形成的重要增长极，具有发展生态经济、并建立循

环经济体系试点的良好条件。在我国第十二个五年规划中，也明确提出要重点发

展十个城市群，其中环鄱阳湖城市群是生态保护区的重点。所以针对该区域的产

业结构优化研究具有十分重要的理论和实践意义。城市的快速工业化工程中，环

境、资源负外部性越来越明显，伴随的产业结构调整中，区域政府把经济发展的

可持续性摆在了越来越重要的位置，构建产业结构优化评价指标体系从产业结构

高度化和产业结构合理化两方面来考虑显然还不够，因为这不能完全覆盖特别是

对于现处于工业化后期的城市的产业结构优化水平评价的需求，必须充分考虑到

产业结构的可持续性因素，因此本文从产业结构高度化、产业结构合理化以及产

业结构可持续化出发构建的指标体系同样具有一定的理论和实践意义。

1.2 国内外产业结构研究现状

1.2.1 国外产业结构理论的形成与发展

产业结构理论最早可以追溯到十七世纪，配第-克拉克定理是产业结构理论中

最著名的学说，即研究劳动力在三次产业中的分布结构随经济发展如何变化的理

论。对产业结构演变进行最早研究的是西方经济学家威廉·配第[1]。他于 1691 年在

其著作《政治算术》中描述了不同产业之间的收入差异，指出商业、工业、农业

的利润依次降低，并将这种收入差异与劳动力就业结构联系起来，指出这种差异

是推动劳动力从低收入产业流入高收入产业的原因。配第定律第一次解释了产业

结构演变的过程。

在1935 年，费雪根据人类经济活动发展的三个阶段，提出并确立了对现代产

业结构理论影响及其深远的三次产业分类法。

配第定律一直不被重视，科林•克拉克继承了配第和费雪的研究成果，对产业

结构演进趋势进行了考察。科林-克拉克在其著作《经济进步的条件》一书中首次

将国民经济的产业结构明确的划分为三个部门，即第一产业（农业）、第二产业（制

造业）和第三产业（服务业）。通过对二十多个国家的总产出和各部门劳动投入的

截面数据进行分析，纵向比较一个国家经济发展的时间序列，认为随着国民收入

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摘要：

摘要随着我国工业化和城市化进程的推进，我国正步入产业结构转型的关键时刻，各区域政府也争相把握这个时代更替的机会，高度重视产业结构调整的问题。在社会不断进步和人们对自然科学深入了解的当今，产业结构优化面对重新调整的需求，传统的产业结构优化一般是指推动产业结构合理化和产业结构高度化发展的过程，本文从现代社会关注的热点——循环经济的视角下分析区域产业结构的优化，给产业结构优化建立一个更加符合当代发展需求的评价体系。于是引入了一个全新的产业结构可持续化评价指标体系用来分析一个地区产业结构的可持续发展能力，结合产业结构优化的理论体系和影响因素，通过可行性和关联性的筛选，最终建立了一个总共3个目标层、6个...

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基于循环经济视角下的区域产业结构优化——以环鄱阳湖城市群为例.pdf

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