有向图文档模型下协同一致性冲突消解研究

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摘要

当今世界计算机技术迅猛发展，人类社会也随之进入了信息化时代。通信技

术、计算机技术以及网络技术的融合，诞生了一个全新的领域---计算机支持的协

同工作(Computer Supported cooperative Work)，简称 CSCW。与单用户软件系统相

比，协同编辑系统允许多个用户在同一时候对同一文档进行编辑，降低开发成本、

节省开发时间，提高开发效率是多用户的协同编辑系统的显著特点。随着相关理

论的日渐成熟，其应用也愈加广泛，复杂产品设计企业为了提高自己竞争能力，

选择高性能的协同设计系统成为了他们的重要手段，企业能否在现今的竞争环境

下生存、取胜直接取决于协同系统的高性能和高效率。因此，越来越多的专家学

者投入到对有关协同设计及其各种关键技术的研究中去。

在实时协同 3D 设计系统里，依赖图文档模型被广泛的用来表示文档内部图形

对象之间的依赖关系。

Sun 的团队针对由于对象与对象之间的依赖关系的存在所导

致的意愿冲突，提出了 5种类型的依赖冲突，并通过操作转换的方法予以解决。

然而这 5种冲突关系类型并不能涵盖所有的依赖冲突关系。

本文基于这五种依赖冲突的类型，主要有以下两个方面的工作内容：

（1）定义了交叉依赖冲突的概念，根据操作之间的关系是否全部为并发关系，

制定了两种操作关系下的冲突消解策略，通过多版本机制解决了其可能产生的不

一致性问题，维护了文档的一致性。实例分析表明了策略的有效性和正确性。

（2）定义了传递依赖冲突的概念，因为 DG 中从源节点到目标节点会自动更

改属性值的特点，不管以什么样的顺序执行操作，最后下游的更新操作的执行效

果都会被上游的更新操作的执行效果所覆盖，为了维护操作的意愿，制定了相应

的消解策略，最后用实例证明了策略的正确性。

关键词：依赖图冲突消解多版本机制一致性维护

ABSTRACT

With the rapid development of computer technology, Human society has entered

the information age. On the basis of computer network technology and communication

technology, a whole new field was born——CSCW, short for Computer Supported

Cooperative Work. It allows multiple users to edit the same document at the same time,

compared with the single user editing system, collaborative editing system can reduce

the development cost, shorten development time and improve the development

efficiency. As the related theory mature, its application is increasing widely. For

complex product design, in order to improve their competitive ability, choosing high

performance of collaborative design system has become the important means, the

performance of collaborative design system directly determines whether the enterprise

can survive or win in today's competitive environment. Therefore, the collaborative

design and its various key technology research have become the hot topics of experts

and scholars at home and abroad.

Dependency-Graph is widely used in 3D design environment to represent the

relationships among inner objects of the document. Sun.etc. have put forwards five

types of dependency conflicts, which are caused by the dependency relationships among

the objects, and resolved them by Operational Transformation schema. However, there

is another special dependency conflicts which are not mentioned yet.

The paper is based on the five types of dependency conflict, main work is the

following two aspects:

(1)Defined the concept of cross-dependency conflict, make two kinds of conflicts

resolution strategies according to whether the relationships among these operations are

all concurrent or not. The multi-version strategy has been contributed to solve the

inconsistency questions and preserve the consistency of document. Case analysis is

given to prove the effectiveness and correctness of the whole strategy.

(2)Defined the concept of transitive-dependency conflict. Because of the

dependency relation and the automatic modification of the attribute value from the

source node to the target node in DG, no matter in what order the conflict operations are

executed the execution effect of the downstream UP operations will be covered by that

of the upstream ones. In order to preserve the intention of operations, making the

corresponding resolution strategy,finally,an example is used to prove the correctness of

the strategy.

Key word: Dependency Graph, Conflict Resolution, Multi-version,

Consistency Maintenance

目录
摘 要
ABSTRACT
第一章 绪论..................................................................................................................... 1
1 课题来源与研究意义......................................................................................... 1
2 国内外研究现状................................................................................................. 2
3 论文研究内容及结构......................................................................................... 3
第二章 协同编辑系统的一致性维护............................................................................. 5
1 CSCW 与实时协同编辑系统概述......................................................................... 5
2 一致性维护技术................................................................................................. 6
2.1 令牌机制.................................................................................................... 6
2.2 锁机制....................................................................................................... 7
2.3 新的技术................................................................................................... 8
3 一致性模型......................................................................................................... 8
4 协同编辑系统的体系结构和主要技术问题................................................... 11
4.1 体系结构................................................................................................. 11
4.2 主要技术问题......................................................................................... 13
5 操作转换技术................................................................................................... 13
5.1 操作转换的基本思想............................................................................. 14
5.2 典型的操作转换算法................................................................................14
6 基于对象复制技术的多版本策略................................................................... 16
6.1 对象复制技术......................................................................................... 17
6.2 多版本策略............................................................................................. 17
第三章 依赖图文档模型下交叉依赖冲突消解研究................................................... 19
1 引言................................................................................................................... 19

2 相关工作........................................................................................................... 19
3 依赖冲突........................................................................................................... 20
3.1 依赖图和依赖关系................................................................................ 20
3.2 冲突定义................................................................................................ 22
4 交叉依赖冲突................................................................................................... 26
5 交叉依赖冲突的消解策略............................................................................... 27
5.1 消解策略................................................................................................. 27
5.2 实例分析................................................................................................. 28
6 交叉依赖冲突的消解策略的进一步研究........................................................ 29
6.1 消解策略................................................................................................. 29
6.2 实例分析................................................................................................. 31
7 效率分析........................................................................................................... 32
第四章 依赖图文档模型下传递依赖冲突消解研究................................................... 34
1 引言................................................................................................................... 34
2 传递依赖冲突................................................................................................... 34
3 传递依赖冲突的消解策略............................................................................... 36
3.1 消解策略................................................................................................. 36
3.2 实例分析................................................................................................. 37
第五章 基于依赖图的协同编辑系统原型设计......................................................... 39
1 系统设计........................................................................................................... 39
1.1 运行环境................................................................................................. 39
1.2 系统设计目标......................................................................................... 39
2 系统体系结构................................................................................................... 39
3 系统功能模型.................................................................................................... 41
4 系统实现........................................................................................................... 42

5.4.1 保存和传递协同编辑操作..................................................................... 42

5.4.2 协同编辑操作的接收和处理................................................................. 43

5.4.3 核心代码................................................................................................. 44

第六章总结和展望....................................................................................................... 46

6.1 总结................................................................................................................... 46

6.2 未来工作展望................................................................................................... 46

参考文献......................................................................................................................... 48

在读期间公开发表的论文和承担科研项目及取得成果............................................. 53

一、论文................................................................................................................ 53

致谢................................................................................................................................. 54

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摘要：

摘要当今世界计算机技术迅猛发展，人类社会也随之进入了信息化时代。通信技术、计算机技术以及网络技术的融合，诞生了一个全新的领域---计算机支持的协同工作(ComputerSupportedcooperativeWork)，简称CSCW。与单用户软件系统相比，协同编辑系统允许多个用户在同一时候对同一文档进行编辑，降低开发成本、节省开发时间，提高开发效率是多用户的协同编辑系统的显著特点。随着相关理论的日渐成熟，其应用也愈加广泛，复杂产品设计企业为了提高自己竞争能力，选择高性能的协同设计系统成为了他们的重要手段，企业能否在现今的竞争环境下生存、取胜直接取决于协同系统的高性能和高效率。因此，越来越多的专...

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