微型燃气轮机的疲劳及寿命分析
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学校代码:10252
学 号:0426109
上海理工大学硕士学位论文
微型燃气轮机的疲劳
及寿命分析
姓 名 吴觉士
系 别 机械工程学院
专 业 机械制造及其自动化
研究方向 CAD/CAM/CAE
指导教师 仲梁维 教授
学位论文完成日期 2007 年2月
摘 要
目前,在国内机械设备的设计分析中,大多数仍采用传统的静强度校核方法,
这已不能满足生产实际的需要。近十几年来,疲劳分析理论得到了长足的发展,
在航空航天、船舶、桥梁以及汽车领域中,取得了瞩目的成果。
微型燃气轮机在未来电力工业中的地位犹如微机在计算机工业中的地位,在
国内外迅速发展。为了确保机组的安全运行,提高经济效益,有必要对燃气轮机
转子进行系统性研究。本篇论文研究的就是如何将疲劳分析理论应用到微型燃气
轮机上来,以提高其设计、制造的水平。
本文以某微型燃气轮机转子的疲劳分析为研究对象,论述了疲劳分析理论在
微型燃气轮机寿命分析的运用过程。论文中,首先分析了微型燃气轮机的载荷工
况,确定了微型燃气轮机转子有限元计算与疲劳分析的载荷谱;用通用有限元软
件对不同工况下的微型燃气轮机转子进行了静态有限元计算分析;在对燃气轮机
转子进行疲劳分析时,根据所查到的零件材料静态参数,采用 Muralidharan、Baumel
Jr.和Seeger 等人所提出的方法,计算得到材料的循环特性参数,从而得到了材料
的疲劳特性曲线;最后用疲劳寿命分析软件实现了微型燃气轮机转子零部件的疲
劳寿命的计算,得到转子零部件的疲劳寿命,完成了预期的研究工作目标。
运用现代疲劳分析方法分析燃气轮机的强度寿命问题是一个新的课题。在论
文中,通过对微型燃气轮机零部件疲劳强度的分析研究,将现代疲劳分析方法引
入到燃气轮机的设计与分析中,为燃气轮机的设计、制造提供了一种新的思路。
关键词:燃气轮机转子 疲劳 寿命 有限元
ABSTRACT
In the design and analysis of domestic machine, the traditional method for static
strength is still mostly used. In the last ten years, fatigue analysis theory has been
developing rapidly, and has already been widely applied to the aviation, spaceflight,
shipping, bridge and automobile fields, and has obtained remarkable achievements.
The position of micro gas turbine in future power industry is almost the same
important as PC’s status in the computer area. It develops greatly in the world. The rotor
of micro gas turbine should be researched systematically and completely, to ensure the
machine’s safety and improve its economic benefit. This paper focuses on how to apply
the fatigue analysis theory on micro gas turbine so as to improve its design and
manufacture.
This paper focuses on the fatigue analysis of one micro gas turbine , and describes
the application of fatigue analysis theory to it. This paper first analyzes the working
condition of micro gas turbine, and defined the finite element computation of micro gas
turbine and load-time history of fatigue analysis. Using FEA software, this paper makes
a static finite element analysis on micro gas turbine's parts and assembly under different
working condition. During the fatigue analysis on micro gas turbine, based on the static
datum of materials in references, using the methods developed by Muralidharan,
Baumel Jr. and Seeger, this paper gets the circulating characteristics of the materials and
the fatigue characteristic curve by calculating. At the end of this paper, using fatigue
software, the micro gas turbine's fatigue analysis is completed, and the life time of it is
also gained, which achieves the research objective.
It is a new project to analyze the micro gas turbine's strength life with modem
fatigue analysis method. In this paper, through analyzing and studying the micro gas
turbine's strength, the modern fatigue analysis method is applied to gas turbine, which
provides a new thought in its design and manufacture.
Key words: gas turbine’s rotor, fatigue, life, FEA
目 录
中文摘要
ABSTRACT
第一章 绪论.....................................................................................................................1
§1.1 疲劳的概述 .........................................................................................................1
§1.1.1 疲劳的定义...................................................................................................1
§1.1.2 疲劳的分类...................................................................................................1
§1.1.3 疲劳强度、疲劳极限与疲劳寿命...............................................................2
§1.2 疲劳分析理论的发展及现状 .............................................................................3
§1.3 疲劳分析设计的意义 .........................................................................................5
§1.3.1 疲劳分析设计是市场对工程构件设计的要求...........................................5
§1.3.2 用现代疲劳分析技术提高机械设备设计水平...........................................6
§1.4 论文研究背景和发展现状 .................................................................................7
§1.5 本课题研究方向和主要内容 .............................................................................9
第二章 微型燃气轮机疲劳分析的相关基本理论.......................................................10
§2.1 金属材料的疲劳特性及其描述 .......................................................................10
§2.1.1 金属材料的 S-N 曲线................................................................................ 10
§2.1.2 曲线的数学表达式.....................................................................................11
§2.1.3 疲劳极限.....................................................................................................11
§2.1.4 平均应力对疲劳性能的影响.....................................................................12
§2.1.5 影响疲劳性能的其它因素.........................................................................13
§2.1.6 疲劳缺口.....................................................................................................14
§2.2 疲劳寿命分析方法 ...........................................................................................15
§2.3 疲劳累积损伤理论 ...........................................................................................17
§2.4 本章小结 ...........................................................................................................18
第三章 微型燃气轮机载荷谱的建立...........................................................................19
§3.1 疲劳载荷及其分类 ...........................................................................................19
§3.2 疲劳载荷谱 .......................................................................................................20
§3.3 雨流计数法 .......................................................................................................21
§3.4 微型燃气轮机简介 ...........................................................................................22
§3.5 微型燃气轮机转子部件载荷谱的建立 ...........................................................24
§3.5.1 微型燃气轮机转子部件工况分析.............................................................24
§3.5.2 微型燃气轮机转子部件载荷谱的建立.....................................................26
§3.6 本章小结 ...........................................................................................................28
第四章 微型燃气轮机转子结构应力疲劳寿命分析...................................................29
§4.1 分析系统简介 ...................................................................................................29
§4.1.1 有限元分析方法.........................................................................................29
§4.1.2MSC. Patran&Nastran 和MSC. Fatigue 软件简介....................................30
§4.1.3MSC.Fatigue 疲劳寿命计算方法............................................................... 32
§4.2 微型燃气轮机转子结构应力有限元分析 .......................................................34
§4.2.1 压气叶轮离心力载荷结果分析.................................................................34
§4.2.2 透平叶轮离心力载荷结果分析.................................................................35
§4.2.3 微型燃气轮转子部件离心力载荷结果分析.............................................36
§4.2.4 微型燃气轮转子部件受燃气压力载荷结果分析.....................................37
§4.3 微型燃气轮机转子结构应力疲劳寿命分析 ...................................................39
§4.3.1 零件疲劳参数的确定.................................................................................39
§4.3.2MSC.Fatigue 疲劳寿命的计算步骤........................................................... 40
§4.3.3 压气叶轮离心力作用疲劳寿命分析.........................................................41
§4.3.4 透平叶轮离心力作用疲劳寿命分析.........................................................43
§4.3.5 转子装配体受离心力作用疲劳寿命分析.................................................45
§4.3.6 转子装配体受燃气压力作用疲劳寿命分析.............................................46
§4.4 本章小结 ...........................................................................................................49
第五章 微型燃气轮机转子热应力疲劳寿命分析.......................................................50
§5.1 微型燃气轮机转子热应力分析 .......................................................................50
§5.2 微型燃气轮机转子热应力疲劳寿命分析 .......................................................52
§5.3 本章小结 ...........................................................................................................52
第六章 微型燃气轮机转子热-机械疲劳寿命分析..................................................... 55
§6.1 多轴疲劳基本概念 ...........................................................................................55
§6.1.1 多轴应力应变状态.....................................................................................55
§6.1.2 拉伸和扭转载荷.........................................................................................55
§6.1.3 复合的拉伸和扭转载荷.............................................................................56
§6.1.4 疲劳损伤累积机制.....................................................................................57
§6.2 多轴疲劳理论 ...................................................................................................58
§6.3 微型燃气轮机转子热-机械疲劳寿命分析 ..................................................... 62
§6.4 本章小结 ...........................................................................................................64
摘要:
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学校代码:10252学号:0426109上海理工大学硕士学位论文微型燃气轮机的疲劳及寿命分析姓名吴觉士系别机械工程学院专业机械制造及其自动化研究方向CAD/CAM/CAE指导教师仲梁维教授学位论文完成日期2007年2月摘要目前,在国内机械设备的设计分析中,大多数仍采用传统的静强度校核方法,这已不能满足生产实际的需要。近十几年来,疲劳分析理论得到了长足的发展,在航空航天、船舶、桥梁以及汽车领域中,取得了瞩目的成果。微型燃气轮机在未来电力工业中的地位犹如微机在计算机工业中的地位,在国内外迅速发展。为了确保机组的安全运行,提高经济效益,有必要对燃气轮机转子进行系统性研究。本篇论文研究的就是如何将疲劳...
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作者:赵德峰
分类:高等教育资料
价格:15积分
属性:85 页
大小:2.98MB
格式:PDF
时间:2024-11-19

