基于产业集群的武汉高新区竞争力研究
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摘要
当今世界高新技术飞速发展，而高新区则成为高新技术企业聚集的重要载
体。我国在高新技术发展方面紧跟世界步伐，并努力将高新区建设成为我国高科
技产业化的重要平台。自 1988 年国家火炬计划开始实施之后，国务院陆续批准
了建立了 54 个国家级高新区，为促进我国的高新技术发展起到了很大的推动作
用。然而，在这 54 个高新区中，有发展态势良好、成绩显著的如北京中关村科
技园、上海张江高科技园区等，也有发展情况不是很好的如武汉、保定、南昌、
海南等高新区。这些发展水平参差不齐的现象，就引出了许多急待解决的问题:
这些高新区发展水平之间的差异，都是由哪些因素影响所导致?有没有系统的可
以解释高新区发展水平的理论体系?能否探究产业集群是如何提升高新区竞争力
的?能否探究发展良好的高新区的成功经验并将其应用到发展相对落后的高新区?
有哪些可行的措施和政策建议?而这些都是本文试图要解决的问题。
本文首先综述了国内外有关产业集群理论和竞争力理论的研究现状，然后以
产业集聚理论、竞争优势理论、比较优势理论、创新理论等为理论基础，来探析
产业集群是如何提升高新区竞争力的。在以上研究的基础上构建了本文的高新区
竞争力评价指标体系，该指标体系由 4 个层次 29 个具体指标构成，并凸现了技
术创新在高新区竞争力中的核心作用，以及区域文化环境在高新区竞争力中的支
撑作用。
最后，对国内外具有代表性和发展比较成功的高新区，例如美国硅谷、印度
班加罗尔、北京中关村和上海张江，对他们进行研究分析，找出其成功的经验所
在。接着通过对武汉高新区的实证分析，来验证了前面各章所构建的理论框架，
分析结果表明本文所构建的理论框架具有较好的指导和实践意义。而且，与北京
和上海高新区相比，武汉高新区在很多方面存在不足，集中表现在：区内的集群
竞争力不高，而且技术创新能力也很不足，区域文化对高新区的支撑作用也没有
充分展现。鉴于以上实证分析结果，本文提出了从集群、政府和环境三个层面来
考虑的发展思路和政策建议，不仅要提高集群的创新能力，而且也要进一步完善
政府作用，更重要的是培育创新文化氛围和良好的市场环境，从而从整体上提升
武汉高新区竞争力。
关键词：产业集群 高新区 高新区竞争力
ABSTRACT
The rapid development of high-tech in today's world, so the high-tech zones have
become an important carrier of the hi-tech enterprise gathering.With the development of
high-tech, the Chinese keep the pace of the world tides, and is trying to build high-tech
zones in China as an important platform for high-tech industrialization. Since the
beginning of 1988 after the implementation of the National Torch Program, the State
Council successively approved the establishment of 54 state-level high-tech zones, in
order to promote China's high-tech development. However, in 54 high-tech zones, some
are in good shape remarkable achievements such as the Beijing Zhong guancun Science
Park and Shanghai Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, they are also the development of situation
is not very good, like the high-tech Park in Wuhan, Baoding, Nanchang .The
phenomenon of varying levels of development, it raises a number of pressing problems:
What factors can explain the differences in levels of development of high-tech zones? Is
there a systematic theoretical system can explain the level of development of high-tech
zones? Can explore how the industry clusters to enhance the competitiveness of high-
tech zones? Can explore the well-developed high-tech zones successful experience and
apply it to the relatively under-developed high-tech zone? What practical measures and
policy proposals should we make for the high-tech zones? All these questions are what
we try to solve in this thesis.
This thesis first of all summarizes the relevant domestic and international industry
cluster theory and the theory of competitiveness. Then to the industry cluster theory,
theory of competitive advantage, comparative advantage theory, innovation theory as
the theoretical basis for analysis of industrial clusters is how to enhance the
competitiveness of high-tech zone.
Based on research in the above paper, it has built a competitiveness evaluation
index system of high-tech zone based on industrial cluster .This index system is formed
by 4 levels and 29 concrete indexes and it highlights the central role of technological
innovation in the competitiveness of high-tech zone, as well as the supporting role of
the regional cultural environment in the competitiveness of high-tech zone.
Finally, taking the more successful development of the representative of domestic
and foreign high-tech areas such as Silicon Valley, India Bangalore, Beijing
Zhongguancun and Shanghai Zhangjiang for example, to study and analyze them to find
out where their successful experiences. Then high-tech zone of Wuhan by the empirical
analysis ,has well proved the practical meaning of the theoretical framework built in the
preceding chapters, the results show that the theoretical framework built in this paper
have a good guidance and practical significance .Moreover, compared with high-tech
zone in Beijing and Shanghai, high-tech zone of Wuhan appear inadequate in many
areas, concentrated expression in: the cluster's competitiveness is not high, and the
technological innovation ability is also inadequate, the regional culture on the
supporting role of high-tech zones have not fully revealed. In view of the results of
empirical analysis proposed ,in this paper, from the three dimensions of the cluster, the
Government and the Environment to consider upgrading the competitiveness of high-
tech zone of Wuhan of policy proposals, not only to enhance the innovative capability
of the cluster, but also to further improve the government's role, More important is to
cultivate a culture of innovation atmosphere and a good market environment ,thus
enhance the overall competitiveness of high-tech zone of Wuhan.
Key words：Industry Cluster, Hi-tech Zone, The competitiveness of
high-tech zone
摘要：
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摘要当今世界高新技术飞速发展，而高新区则成为高新技术企业聚集的重要载体。我国在高新技术发展方面紧跟世界步伐，并努力将高新区建设成为我国高科技产业化的重要平台。自1988年国家火炬计划开始实施之后，国务院陆续批准了建立了54个国家级高新区，为促进我国的高新技术发展起到了很大的推动作用。然而，在这54个高新区中，有发展态势良好、成绩显著的如北京中关村科技园、上海张江高科技园区等，也有发展情况不是很好的如武汉、保定、南昌、海南等高新区。这些发展水平参差不齐的现象，就引出了许多急待解决的问题:这些高新区发展水平之间的差异，都是由哪些因素影响所导致?有没有系统的可以解释高新区发展水平的理论体系?能否探究...
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