桥头钮扣市场的变迁与影响因素分析

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浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

摘要

专业市场是我国重要的经济现象，在经济发展中起极大的作用。进入 21 世纪，

许多曾经赫赫有名的专业市场已难觅踪影，时间不过相隔了 20 余年。研究专业市

场在这一期间发生了怎样变化，无疑具有十分重要的学术价值与实用价值。桥头

钮扣市场是浙江省最早的现代专业市场，当年号称“东方第一大钮扣市场”，到 2006

年市场近三分之二场地被承包作餐饮业，二十年来从繁荣到衰落的变迁过程非常

有代表性。

鉴于已有研究大多采用西方经济学的研究范式，缺乏微观层面上个案研究，

缺少对特定专业市场发展变迁过程的纵向比较分析。本文以相关历史记录材料、

当地政府部门原始数据为基础，走访相关人士，实地考察桥头钮扣市场，进行田

野调查，做详细、深入的实证研究。不拘泥于任何特定的经济学理论，旨在对影

响桥头钮扣市场发展因素进行提炼与组合的基础上，构建自己的分析框架，分析

钮扣市场现状与发展趋势，并对部分专业市场理论提出不同的见解。

本文通过对桥头钮扣市场兴起历史过程详细分析，认为影响桥头钮扣市场发

展因素大致可区分为外生影响因素与内生影响因素，前者包括地理环境、人力资

本、社会资本等历史继承因素，意识形态与国家政策等制度因素，地方政府部门

等政治因素；后者包括市场供需关系，商品产品特征，市场运转方式，产业结构，

产品种类，定价机制，以及由上述六种内生影响因素构成的自我（负）增长机制。

当年钮扣市场兴起并迅速发展是内、外因素共同作用，触发了自我增长机制；如

今市场的衰败是变迁过程中部分因素起了消极变化，阻碍了市场的发展，触发了

自我负增长机制。但是市场存在的两大前提要素――钮扣的小商品特征和以中小

企业为主的产业结构并没有实质性变化，因而市场应该继续得到重视与保护。

在桥头钮扣市场历史变迁研究的基础上，本文在专业市场理论方面提出了以

下观点：一是专业市场的兴起往往得益于地理、经济上的相对优势，以往只认识

到市场所在地的绝对劣势；二是专业市场形成动态过程的契约理论解释，已有的

研究大多把专业市场功能等同于专业市场形成的原因；三是农民购销大军与专业

市场的关系是前者促使后者产生，而不是两种交易方式间的替代；四是专业市场

与经济发展阶段并无直接联系，专业市场并不是只适合经济发展初级阶段的产物。

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

在研究结论部分，还对什么是专业市场进行了专门的说明。

关键词：专业市场；桥头钮扣市场；变迁；外生影响因素；内生影响因素

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

III

ABSTRACT

Specialized market is important in the Chinese economy, which plays a great role in

the Chinese economic reformation. But only no more than twenty years after their rise,

in the beginning of the 21st century, many very well-known specialized markets now

almost disappeared. So, it is undoubtedly have very important academic worth and

practical value to find out what happened to specialized market. Qiaotou Button market

is the first modern specialized market in Zhejiang province, which was known as "the

Orient largest Button market." But nearly two-thirds of the market has been contracted

out for restaurant in 2006 .Therefore the market's procedure from its prosperity to

decline is very representative.

The existing research is mainly conducted in Western economics research paradigm,

and lacks case studies in the microeconomic level, particularly the longitudinal analysis

of specific specialized market. This study based on the historical record, the government

departments' original data which related to Qiaotou Button market and field surveys,

refine the factors that influence Qiaotou Button market's change, and analyze the current

situation and future of the market. Then propose a different view of some specialized

market theories.

According to the detailed analysis of the Button market's history, we found that the

factors which influence Button market's change can be broadly divided into two kinds:

the endogenous and exogenous factors. The former includes the physical environment,

human capital, social capital and other historical inheritance, ideological and

institutional factors such as state policy, local government departments and political

factors; The latter includes market supply-demand relationship, product features,

market operation, industrial structure, varieties of products, pricing mechanisms, and a

self-(negative) growth mechanism which is composed of the above endogenous

influencing factors. Then the Button market's rise and the rapid development has

benefited from these two dimensions of the positive factors, which triggered the

self-growth mechanism; Unfortunately, now part of the factors changed in the

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

market's evolution and hindered the development of the market, then trigged the

negative self-growth mechanism, and all of that lead to the market's decline .But the

two prerequisites for market, which is button's characteristics of small commodities and

the industrial structure that the market is dominated by small and medium-sized

enterprises, has no substantive changes ,so the market should continue to receive

attention and protection.

On the basis of the study on Qiaotou Button market's change, this study makes the

following point in the specialized market theory: the rise of the specialized market often

benefited from the comparative advantage of local geography and economy which is

just considered absolute disadvantage in the past; Secondly, the study use contract

theory to explain the dynamic process of specialized market's formation ,on the contrary,

the existing research is mainly focused on the function role of the specialized

market; Thirdly, the relationship between the farmers sales force and the specialized

market is the former promoted the latter, rather than the two alternative transactions;

Finally, the specialized market is not directly linked with economic development, not

only for the initial stage of the economic development. At the conclusion of the study,

explained what is a specialized market particularly.

Keyword: Specialized market; Qiaotou Button market; Change; External factors;

Endogenous factors

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

第一章绪论 ····················································································· 1

第一节研究动机 ············································································· 1

第二节研究目的 ············································································· 3

第三节文章结构安排 ······································································· 3

第二章文献回顾 ··············································································· 5

第一节专业市场的定义 ···································································· 5

第二节专业市场的分类 ···································································· 6

第三节专业市场的研究阶段划分························································· 6

第四节专业市场的起源 ···································································· 7

第五节专业市场建设、运行的现状与问题··········································· 10

第六节专业市场发展趋势 ······························································· 11

第七节本章小节 ··········································································· 13

第三章桥头钮扣市场的起源 ······························································ 14

第一节桥头钮扣市场的存在基础······················································· 14

第二节桥头小商品市场的产生·························································· 15

第三节钮扣在小商品市场的出现······················································· 17

第四节钮扣专业市场的初步形成······················································· 18

第五节本章小结 ··········································································· 19

第四章桥头钮扣市场的发展 ······························································ 20

第一节桥头钮扣市场的成立与发展···················································· 20

第二节桥头钮扣市场的运转····························································· 23

第三节影响桥头钮扣市场发展的因素分析··········································· 25

第四节本章小结 ··········································································· 31

第五章桥头钮扣市场的现状与趋势······················································ 32

第一节桥头钮扣市场的进一步发展及现状··········································· 32

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

第二节桥头钮扣市场的现状分析······················································· 33

第三节桥头钮扣市场的发展趋势与前景·············································· 43

第四节本章小结 ··········································································· 45

第六章结论 ··················································································· 46

第一节桥头钮扣市场历史变迁总结···················································· 46

第二节专业市场理论部分总结·························································· 47

第三节后续研究建议 ····································································· 49

参考文献 ························································································· 51

致谢······························································································ 59

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摘要：

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文I摘要专业市场是我国重要的经济现象，在经济发展中起极大的作用。进入21世纪，许多曾经赫赫有名的专业市场已难觅踪影，时间不过相隔了20余年。研究专业市场在这一期间发生了怎样变化，无疑具有十分重要的学术价值与实用价值。桥头钮扣市场是浙江省最早的现代专业市场，当年号称“东方第一大钮扣市场”，到2006年市场近三分之二场地被承包作餐饮业，二十年来从繁荣到衰落的变迁过程非常有代表性。鉴于已有研究大多采用西方经济学的研究范式，缺乏微观层面上个案研究，缺少对特定专业市场发展变迁过程的纵向比较分析。本文以相关历史记录材料、当地政府部门原始数据为基础，走访相关人士，实地考察桥头钮扣市场，...

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