中小企业融资研究

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中小企业融资研究 - I -

摘要

各国都非常重视支持中小企业的发展，然而中小企业在发展过程中还是遇

到很多困难，包括市场准入、资金融通、人才引进、信息共享及科技应用等。其中

融资难即资金供应难以满足资金需求的状况是制约各国中小企业发展的一个普

遍性难题。而在我国，由于受特殊历史背景的影响，问题更为突出。本文探讨了

中小企业融资难的原因。中小企业融资困难存在外部和内部两方面原因:融资能

力低下是其内部原因；融资体制不健全，金融体系落后是外部原因。因而解决中

小企业融资难的问题，既要提高中小企业的融资能力，同时也要改善融资环境。

通过借鉴发达国家在解决中小企业融资难方面的经验，本文提出了我国中小企

业融资难的具体解决途径。

关键词：中小企业融资信息不对称中小金融机构

中小企业融资研究 - II -

Abstract

All countries attach great importance to the development of small and medium-

sized enterprise support, however small and medium-sized enterprise in the process of

the development or met with many difficulties, including market access, financing,

talent introduction, information sharing and technology application, etc. Among them

is financing funds to meet the demand of the money supply in small and medium

enterprise development is restricted by the countries of a universal problem. And in

our country, because of the influence of by special historical background, the problem

is more outstanding. This paper discusses the causes of the difficulty of financing of

small and medium enterprises. Small and medium-sized enterprise internal and

external financing difficulties exist two reasons: low financing capability is its

internal reasons; The financing system is not perfect, the financial system is external

reason behind. And therefore solve the problems of financing difficulties of the small

and medium-sized enterprises, which should improve the ability of small and

medium-sized enterprise financing, also want to improve financing environment.

Through the developed countries for reference the financing difficulty in solving the

experience, this paper puts forward of the small and medium-sized enterprise

financing of the specific solution.

Key words: small and medium-sized enterprise financing information

asymmetry in small and medium sized financial institutions

中小企业融资研究                                                                       - III -
目录
1引言..............................................................1
1 研究背景...............................................................................................................................1
2 研究意义...............................................................................................................................1
3 研究思路和方法...................................................................................................................2
4 论文结构..............................................................................................................................2
文献综述..........................................................4
1 中小企业定义......................................................................................................................4
2 融资的含义..........................................................................................................................5
3 国内外文献综述..................................................................................................................6
3.1 国内文献综述..........................................................................................................6
3.2 国外的文献综述......................................................................................................8
中小企业的融资管理状况...........................................9
1 融资方式单一，融资渠道狭窄..........................................................................................9
1.1 直接融资和内源性融资，是中小企业发展的基础性的资金来源.....................9
1.2 融资渠道不畅........................................................................................................10
2 融资结构不合理，融资成本偏高....................................................................................10
中小企业融资难的原因.............................................12
1 我国中小企业融资难的外部原因....................................................................................12
4.1 金融体系落后........................................................................................................12
1.2 缺乏直接融资渠道................................................................................................13
2 信用体系不健全................................................................................................................14
2.1 国家信用制度供给不足........................................................................................14
2.2 信用担保体系不健全............................................................................................14
3 中小企业融资难的自身原因............................................................................................15
3.1 中小企业规模小，货款成本高...........................................................................15
3.2 中小企业经营管理状况差....................................................................................16
中小企业融资难的解决途径.........................................18
1 建立和完善融资体系........................................................................................................18
1.1 消除金融抑制.......................................................................................................18
1.2 拓宽直接融资渠道................................................................................................19
2 完善融资信用担保体系..................................................................................................20
3 培育良好的信用制度........................................................................................................21
3.1 增加金融活动的制度供给....................................................................................21
3.2 发展信用中介........................................................................................................22
4 提高中小企业自身融资能力............................................................................................22
4.1 树立信用意识，建立以诚信为基础的企业文化...............................................23
4.2 扩大人力资本........................................................................................................23
结论与启示......................................................25
1 结论.....................................................................................................................................25
2 启示.....................................................................................................................................25
参 考 文 献........................................................26

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摘要：

中小企业融资研究-I-摘要各国都非常重视支持中小企业的发展，然而中小企业在发展过程中还是遇到很多困难，包括市场准入、资金融通、人才引进、信息共享及科技应用等。其中融资难即资金供应难以满足资金需求的状况是制约各国中小企业发展的一个普遍性难题。而在我国，由于受特殊历史背景的影响，问题更为突出。本文探讨了中小企业融资难的原因。中小企业融资困难存在外部和内部两方面原因:融资能力低下是其内部原因；融资体制不健全，金融体系落后是外部原因。因而解决中小企业融资难的问题，既要提高中小企业的融资能力，同时也要改善融资环境。通过借鉴发达国家在解决中小企业融资难方面的经验，本文提出了我国中小企业融资难的具体解决途径...

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